2013 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Evolution of Siglec-11 in primates
| Project/Area Number |
23570271
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Evolutionary biology
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| Research Institution | Kyushu University (2013)
Kyoto University (2011-2012) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
ANGATA Takashi 独立行政法人理化学研究所, システム糖鎖 生物学研究グループ, チームリーダー (40371017)
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| Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha) |
SATTA Yoko 総合研究大学院大学, 先導科学研究科, 教 授 (20222010)
HIRAI Hirohisa 京都大学, 霊長類研究所, 教授 (10128308)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2011 – 2013
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| Keywords | ヒトの進化 / ヒト化 / シアル酸 / 受容体 / 遺伝子変換 |
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| Research Abstract |
Sialic acids are a family of nine-carbon sugars that are found at the terminal end of glycan chains on cell surface. Siglec-11 is a sialic-acid receptor that gained expression on brain microglia uniquely in the human lineage, and shows a neuroprotective function in brain immunity. It seems that Siglec-11 contributed to brain evolution in the human lineage.
Evolutionary analysis of Siglec-11 revealed that Siglec-11 functions as paired receptors with Siglec-16 on human brain microglia. Both Siglec-11 and Siglec-16 recognize oligo-sialic acids, which are enriched in the brain. A mutation that conferred the brain expression of Siglec-11 occurred about one million years ago. It is therefore possible to consider that Siglec-11/Siglec-16 paired receptors contributed to the gain of human-specific cell-cell communication in the brain in the later stage of human evolution.
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