2013 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Investigation of decontamination of nerve agents using organophosphorus hydrolase
| Project/Area Number |
23590163
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Environmental pharmacy
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| Research Institution | National Research Institute of Police Science |
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Principal Investigator |
OHMORI Takeshi 科学警察研究所, 法科学第三部, 室長 (70356195)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KAWAHARA Kazuyoshi 関東学院大学, 理工学部, 教授 (20195126)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2011 – 2013
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| Keywords | 有機リン系化合物 / 神経剤 / 有機リン分解酵素 / 固定化酵素 / Sphingobium |
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| Research Abstract |
To improve the decontamination method at chemical terrorism, we attempted to apply organophosphorus hydrolase(OPH) for degrading the nerve agent, such as sarin or VX. We attempted to introduce point mutation in OPH gene in order to construct the OPH enzyme that can hydrolyze nerve agents efficiently. Five types of mutant OPH enzymes were constructed, and studied for the higher degradation activity for the nerve agents. The activity assay proved that the substitution of Tyr at 254 to His lead to the remarkable improvement of the activity toward VX that could not be decomposed by the wild-type OPH. We also tried to develop an OPH-immobilized column for efficient nerve agent decontamination and the immobilized OPH was able to degrade nerve agents. Our results suggest the possibility for developing a powerful and ecological nerve agent detoxication system using OPH.
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