2013 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Function analysis of Mead acid and its metabolism in essential fatty acid deficiency state
| Project/Area Number |
23617004
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Integrated Nutrition Science
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| Research Institution | Ochanomizu University |
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Principal Investigator |
ICHI Ikuyo お茶の水女子大学, 大学院人間文化創成科学研究科, 講師 (50403316)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2011 – 2013
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| Keywords | 必須脂肪酸 / 多価不飽和脂肪酸 / 脂肪酸合成酵素 |
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| Research Abstract |
In mammals, 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid (Mead acid, 20:3n-9) is synthesized from oleic acid during a state of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). Mead acid is thought to be produced by the same enzymes that synthesize arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, but the genes and the pathways involved in the conversion of oleic acid to Mead acid have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that the cultured cell, such as NIH3T3 cells, had significant levels of Mead acid, indicating that cells in culture are in an EFAD state under normal culture conditions. We then examined the effect of siRNA-mediated knockdown of fatty acid desaturases and elongases on the level of Mead acid, and found that knockdown of Elovl5, Fads1, or Fads2 decreased the level of Mead acid. This and the measured levels of possible intermediate products for the synthesis of Mead acid such as 18:2n-9, 20:1n-9 and 20:2n-9 in the knocked down cells indicate two pathways for the synthesis of Mead acid.
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