2012 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Prevention of Alzheimer disease by oral bacteria having plasmalogenphospholipid
| Project/Area Number |
23658066
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Applied microbiology
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University (2012)
Yamagata University (2011) |
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Principal Investigator |
KAMIO Yoshiyuki 東北大学, 大学院・生命科学研究科, 客員研究員 (00109175)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
金子 淳 東北大学, 農学研究科, 准教授 (30221188)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2011 – 2012
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| Keywords | プラズマローゲン / 認知症予防 / 口腔内細菌 / γセクレターゼ / βアミロイド |
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| Research Abstract |
We found plasmalogen phospholipids (Pls), which are known to preventeAlzheimer disease (AD), in a human oral bacteria, Selenomonas sputigena. It has been known that Pls decrease in brain of AD patient. γ-Secretase(γS) is known to cleave amyloid precursor protein toproduce amyloid β peptides (Aβ) that is deposited in the brain of Alzheimer disease. Here we examined a relationship between phospholipid composition and production of γ-secretase in human brain, by in vitro assay system using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was established by Futai et al. The followings are evident, (1) Aβ-production is enhanced by the addition of phosphatidyl choline (PC), and (2) addition of phosphatidyl ethanolamine Pls (EPPls) to in vitro assay system prevented γS activity. Thus we concluded that the reduction of EPPls in the phospholipid fraction in human brain enhances the γS activity and causes Aβ-production and/or accumulation in AD patient. This is a first report in theworld.
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[Journal Article] Crystal structure of the octameric pore of staphylococcal γ-hemolysin reveals theβ-barrel pore formation mechanism by twocomponents2011
Author(s)
Yamashita, K, Y. Kawai, Y. Tanaka, M.Hirano, J. Kaneko, N. Tomita, M. Ohta, Y. Kamio, M. Yao, and I. Tanaka
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Journal Title
Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
Volume: 108
Pages: 17314-17319
DOI
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