大気環境の変化が優良造林種グイマツ雑種Ｆ１の温暖化低減能力に与える影響

2014 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 24710027
• Research Institution: Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
• Principal Investigator: 渡辺 誠 東京農工大学, (連合)農学研究科(研究院), 准教授 (50612256)
• Project Period (FY): 2012-04-01 – 2015-03-31
• Keywords: グイマツ雑種F1 / 高CO2 / オゾン / 窒素沈着 / 温暖化低減

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究では、有望な造林樹種であるグイマツ雑種F1を対象として、温暖化低減能力に対する人為起源の環境変動（大気CO2濃度の増加、対流圏オゾンおよび窒素沈着）の影響を調べる事を目的としている。
3年目である平成26年度はこれまで中心的に行ってきた成長および光合成に対する環境変動の影響に加えて、共生菌類との関係についても研究を行った。また、これらの実験的研究で得られた成果に関するモデル化に取り組んだ。
カラマツ属では根における外性菌根菌との共生は生存上欠かせないだけでなく、環境変動に対する応答においても重要な役割を果たす。そこでグイマツ雑種F1の菌根菌との共生関係に対する高CO2とオゾンの複合影響を調査した。その結果、高CO2によって菌根形成率が増加した。しかし一方でオゾンによって菌根菌形成率は低下し、さらに菌根菌の種多様性が低下することが明らかになった。
実験的研究で得られた成果のモデル化について、グイマツ雑種F1の光合成生産に対する環境変動の影響評価モデルを組み上げるには、残念ながら十分な量のデータセットが得られなかった。一方で比較対象として同様の研究を進めてきたブナおよびカバノキ属では十分なデータセットを得ることができたため、これらを対象としてベースとなるモデルの構築を行った。葉群としての光合成生産に対するオゾンおよび高CO2の影響評価モデルを構築し、葉群のCO2収支を算出した。その結果、樹冠位置の違いに伴うオゾン感受性の違い(ブナでは樹冠上部の葉がオゾンの悪影響を受けやすい)や呼吸速度に対する影響(オゾン・高CO2いずれの処理でも呼吸速度が増加)を葉群光合成生産モデルに組み込む必要性が明らかになった。本科研費による研究期間は終了したが、構築したモデルのグイマツ雑種F1への適用に今後取り組む。
これらの成果の一部は国内および国際学会で発表し、国際学術誌に原著論文として掲載された。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Ectomycorrhizal colonization and growth of the hybrid larch F1 under elevated O3 and CO2. (2015)
  • Author(s): Wang, X., Qu, L., Mao, Q., Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y., Koyama, A., Kawaguchi, K., Tamai, Y. and Koike, T.
  • Journal Title: Environmental Pollution Volume: 197 Pages: 116-126
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.031
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Ozone-induced stomatal sluggishness changes carbon and water balance of temperate deciduous forests (2015)
  • Author(s): Hoshika, Y., Katata, G., Deushi, M., Watanabe, M., Koike, T. and Paoletti, E.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 5(9871) Pages: 1-8
  • DOI: 10.1038/srep09871
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Ozone induces stomatal narrowing in European and Siebold’s beeches: a comparison between two experiments of free-air ozone exposure (2015)
  • Author(s): Hoshika, Y., Watanabe, M., Kitao, M., Haberle, K-H., Grams, TEE., Koike, T. and Matyssek, R.
  • Journal Title: Environmental Pollution Volume: 196 Pages: 527-533
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.07.034
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Ethylene-di-urea (EDU), an effective phytoproctectant against O3 deleterious effects and a valuable research tool (2015)
  • Author(s): Agathokleous, E., Koike, T., Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y. and Saitanis, CJ.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Agricultural Meteorology Volume: 71(3) Pages: 未定
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Production efficiency of needles of two larches sp. raised under a free air ozone fumigation system in combination with nitrogen application (2015)
  • Author(s): Kam, DG., Agathokleous, E., Watanabe, M., Takagi, K., Satoh, F., Kita, K., and Koike, T.
  • Journal Title: 北方森林研究 Volume: 63 Pages: 41-42
• [Journal Article] Photosynthetic traits and growth of Quercus mongolica var. crispula sprouts attacked by powdery mildew under free air CO2 enrichment. (2014)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, M., Kitaoka, S., Eguchi, N., Watanabe, Y., Satomura, T., Takagi, K., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Journal Title: European Journal of Forest Research Volume: 133(4) Pages: 725-733
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10342-013-0744-8
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] 変動環境下への落葉樹の応答 (2015)
  • Author(s): 渡辺 誠, 王 暁娜, Agathokleous, E., Kam, DG., 小池孝良
  • Organizer: 第32 回林木の成長機構研究会: 将来の大気環境変化への樹木の応答を探る
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学 (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-29 – 2015-03-29
  • Invited
• [Presentation] スダジイ、アラカシおよびシラカシの成長と光合成に対するオゾンの影響 (2015)
  • Author(s): 渡辺 誠, 黄瀬佳之, 伊豆田 猛
  • Organizer: 第126回日本森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学 (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-26 – 2015-03-29
• [Presentation] 開放系オゾン暴露施設で生育したシラカンバ若齢木の虫害 (2015)
  • Author(s): 崎川哲一, 中村誠宏, 渡辺 誠, 佐藤冬樹, 小池孝良
  • Organizer: 第126回日本森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学 (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-26 – 2015-03-29
• [Presentation] 開放系オゾン暴露施設下で生育したブナ若齢木の樹冠構造 (2015)
  • Author(s): 鈴木優輔, 渡辺 誠, 斎藤秀之, 渋谷正人, 佐藤冬樹, 小池孝良
  • Organizer: 第126回日本森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-26 – 2015-03-29
• [Presentation] Effects of different ozone on growth of Japanese larch and its hybrid. (2015)
  • Author(s): Kam, DG., Watanabe, M., Agathokleous, E., Fujita, S., Tamai, Y. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 第126回日本森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学 (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-26 – 2015-03-29
• [Presentation] Current knowledge on EDU (Ethylene-di-urea), the most effective antiozonant (2015)
  • Author(s): Agathokleous, E., Saitanisc CJ., Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 28th ICP Vegetation Task Force Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Sapienza University (Rome, Italy)
  • Year and Date: 2015-02-03 – 2015-02-05
• [Presentation] Stomatal conductance modeling for assessing ozone impacts on deciduous trees (2015)
  • Author(s): Hoshika, Y., Watanabe, M., Carriero, G., Koike, T. and Paoletti, E.
  • Organizer: 28th ICP Vegetation Task Force Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Sapienza University (Rome, Italy)
  • Year and Date: 2015-02-03 – 2015-02-05
• [Presentation] Foliar chemical composition of 2 species oak seedlings treated with free air CO2/O3 fumigation (2014)
  • Author(s): Shi, C., Kitao, M., Watanabe, M., Tobita, H., Kitaoka, S., Yazaki, K. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 第63回北方森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌コンベンションセンター (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-12 – 2014-11-12
• [Presentation] 開放系オゾン付加施設で育成したシラカンバ若齢木の虫害の季節変化 (2014)
  • Author(s): 崎川哲一, 中村誠宏, 渡辺 誠, 佐藤冬樹, 小池孝良
  • Organizer: 第63回北方森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌コンベンションセンター (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-12 – 2014-11-12
• [Presentation] Production efficiency of needle of 2 larches grown under free air Ozone fumigation system with/without nitrogen loading (2014)
  • Author(s): Kam, D-G., Watanabe, M., Agathokleous, E., Takagi, K., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 第63回北方森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌コンベンションセンター (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-12 – 2014-11-12
• [Presentation] Fine root turnover of Japanese white birch saplings grown under elevated CO2 in northern Japan (2014)
  • Author(s): Wang, XN., Nakaji, T., Watanabe, M., Fujita, S., Takagi, K., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 第63回北方森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌コンベンションセンター (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-12 – 2014-11-12
• [Presentation] Ethylenediurea (EDU) as a soil drench to mediate O3-impact on willow (Salix sachalinensis) cuttings (2014)
  • Author(s): Agathokleous, E., Watanabe, M., Paoletti, E., Manning, W.J., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 第63回北方森林学会大会
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌コンベンションセンター (北海道札幌市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-12 – 2014-11-12
• [Presentation] 異なる時期のオゾン暴露がウダイカンバ苗の光合成に与える影響 (2014)
  • Author(s): 渡辺 誠, 星加康智, 小池孝良
  • Organizer: 第55回大気環境学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 愛媛大学 (愛媛県松山市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-17 – 2014-09-19
• [Presentation] 葉のオゾン吸収量に基づいた日本に分布するブナ、コナラ、ミズナラおよびシラカンバの葉のCO2吸収量に対するオゾンの影響評価 (2014)
  • Author(s): 黄瀬佳之, 安土文鹿, 小林亜由美, 山口真弘, 渡辺 誠, 星加康智, 松村秀幸, 小池孝良, 北尾光俊, 船田 良, 伊豆田 猛
  • Organizer: 第55回大気環境学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 愛媛大学 (愛媛県松山市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-17 – 2014-09-19
• [Presentation] Root production of deciduous broad-leaved tree saplings grown in Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) (2014)
  • Author(s): Agathokleous, E., Watanabe, M., Wang, X., Nakaji, T., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 6th international symposium on physiological processes in roots of woody plants
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学 (愛知県名古屋市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-08 – 2014-09-13
• [Presentation] Impact of ground-level ozone (O3) on woody plants’ roots (2014)
  • Author(s): Agathokleous, E., Wang, X., Watanabe, M., Saitanis, CJ., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 6th international symposium on physiological processes in roots of woody plants
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学 (愛知県名古屋市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-08 – 2014-09-13
• [Presentation] Fine root turnover of Japanese white birch grown under elevated CO2 in northern Japan (2014)
  • Author(s): Wang, X., Watanabe, M., Fujita, S., Nakaji, T., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: 6th international symposium on physiological processes in roots of woody plants
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学 (愛知県名古屋市)
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-08 – 2014-09-13
• [Presentation] Steady state and dynamic gas exchange responses to free air O3 exposure in sensitive or tolerant trees (2014)
  • Author(s): Koike, T., Hoshika, Y., Watanabe, M., Satoh, F. and Izuta, T.
  • Organizer: The 9th APGC Symposium “Plants and the Changing Environment”
  • Place of Presentation: Asilomar Conference Center (California, USA)
  • Year and Date: 2014-06-08 – 2014-06-12
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Photosynthetic responses of Siebold’s beech seedlings to change of light condition under elevated CO2 (2014)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, M., Kitaoka, S., Eguchi, N., Watanabe, Y., Satomura, T., Takagi, K., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: The 9th APGC Symposium “Plants and the Changing Environment”
  • Place of Presentation: Asilomar Conference Center (California, USA)
  • Year and Date: 2014-06-08 – 2014-06-12
• [Presentation] Stomatal conductance modeling in Siebold’s beech under ozone environment by Ball-Woodrow-Berry algorithms (2014)
  • Author(s): Hoshika, Y., Watanabe, M., Inada, N., Paoletti, E. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: The 9th APGC Symposium “Plants and the Changing Environment”
  • Place of Presentation: Asilomar Conference Center (California, USA)
  • Year and Date: 2014-06-08 – 2014-06-12
• [Presentation] Ectomycorrhiza heterogeneity and growth of hybrid larch F1 under elevated O3 (2014)
  • Author(s): Wang, XN., Qu, LY., Kawaguchi, K., Mao, QZ., Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y., Koyama, A., Tamai, Y. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Declining symptom of mountain birch (Betula ermanii) in Northeast Hokkaido, northern Japan (2014)
  • Author(s): Koike, T. , Wang, XN., Watanabe, M., Sakuma, A., Sakikawa, T., Tatsuta, S., Mao, QZ., Shi, C., Saito, H. and Hoshika, Y.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Leaf structure and sensitivity of beech and oak under ozone fumigation (2014)
  • Author(s): Mao, Q., Sakikawa, T., Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Photosynthetic responses of Siebold’s beech (Fagus crenata) saplings to ozone: consideration of within-canopy light gradient (2014)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y., Inada, N., Mao, QZ. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Research proposal for moderating ground-surface ozone on representative plant species native to Greece and Japan (2014)
  • Author(s): Agathokleous, E., Saitanis, CJ., Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y., Sato, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Effects of O3 on the growth of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) and Hybrid larch F1 (Larix gmelinii var. japonica × L . kaempferi) grown under different nitrogen concentration (2014)
  • Author(s): Kam, D-G., Watanabe, M., Shi, C., Mao, QZ., Wang, XN., Kita, K. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] An analysis of avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure using optimization model of stomata for Siebold’s beech (2014)
  • Author(s): Hoshika, Y., Watanabe, M., Inada, N. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Leaf dynamics and insect grazing of Japanese white birch grown under free-air ozone exposure (2014)
  • Author(s): Sakikawa, T., Shi, C., Mao, QZ., Oikawa, M., Hoshika, Y., Watanabe, M. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Foliar chemistry of oaks and beech seedlings grown under elevated O3 and CO2 with a free air fumigation system (2014)
  • Author(s): Shi, C., Kitao, M., Shi, F., Komatsu, M., Yazaki, K., Tobita, H., Kitaoka, S., Watanabe, M., Satoh, F. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Presentation] Photosynthetic responses of Monarch birch seedlings to differing timings of free air ozone fumigation (2014)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, M., Hoshika, Y. and Koike, T.
  • Organizer: International conference on ozone and plants
  • Place of Presentation: Xijiao hotel (Beijing China)
  • Year and Date: 2014-05-19 – 2014-05-21
• [Remarks] RHYLEC
  • URL: https://sites.google.com/site/rhylec/home