Investigating the Nature of Super-Earths via High-Precision Near-Infrared 3-color Simultaneous Transit Photometry

2016 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 25247026
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: 成田 憲保 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 助教 (60610532)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 泉浦 秀行 国立天文台, 岡山天体物理観測所, 准教授 (00211730) ; 生駒 大洋 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 准教授 (80397025)
• Project Period (FY): 2013-05-31 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 太陽系外惑星 / トランジット / スーパーアース / 観測装置開発 / 多色撮像カメラ / 透過光分光 / 系外惑星大気

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究は、最近太陽系外で発見されつつある「スーパーアース」、すなわち太陽系の地球と天王星・海王星の中間の質量・半径を持つ惑星の基本的な性質を調べることを目的としてきた。そこで本研究では、トランジット法によって新しいスーパーアースを発見することとその性質を明らかにすることを目指して、岡山天体物理観測所の188cm望遠鏡に新しく搭載する多色撮像カメラMuSCATの開発を行ってきた。
平成28年度は、本科研費で開発した多色撮像カメラMuSCATを用いた観測的研究と、その結果の理論的解釈に取り組んだ。特にMuSCATを用いた観測からは以下の3本の論文を発表した。(1)ハビタブルゾーンにあるスーパーアースK2-3dのトランジットの地上初検出とそれによる惑星公転周期の精密化(Fukui et al. 2016)、(2)G型星を公転するほぼ海王星サイズの新しいトランジット惑星K2-105bの発見(Narita et al. 2017)、(3)若いTタウリ型星CVSO30に見られるトランジット状減光の調査(Onitsuka et al. 2017)。
また、この他に国際共同研究によって若いK型星を公転する新しいスーパーアースの発見(Gaidos et al. 2017)など9本の論文を発表した。さらに論文としては未発表ではあるが、プレセペ星団中にある若いスーパーアースの多色トランジット観測など既知の複数のスーパーアースの観測をMuSCATで実施した。これらのデータは引き続き解析と論文化を行っていく予定である。
また、MuSCATは今後も活用することができると共に、MuSCATの高い測光性能が評価され、スペイン・テネリフェ島にあるTCS1.5m望遠鏡に新しくMuSCAT2を搭載することも決定した。
以上の実績によって、本研究の当初の目的を十分に達成し、今後の研究へとつなげることができたと考えられる。

Research Progress Status

28年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

28年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] MIT/Princeton/University of Hawaii(米国)
  • Country Name: U.S.A.
  • Counterpart Institution: MIT/Princeton/University of Hawaii
• [Int'l Joint Research] IAC/CSIC-IEEC(スペイン)
  • Country Name: SPAIN
  • Counterpart Institution: IAC/CSIC-IEEC
• [Int'l Joint Research] Leiden Observatory(オランダ)
  • Country Name: NETHERLANDS
  • Counterpart Institution: Leiden Observatory
• [Int'l Joint Research] Aarhus University(デンマーク)
  • Country Name: DENMARK
  • Counterpart Institution: Aarhus University
• [Journal Article] Zodiacal Exoplanets in Time (ZEIT) II. A "Super-Earth" Orbiting a Young K Dwarf in the Pleiades Neighborhood (2017)
  • Author(s): E. Gaidos, A. W. Mann, A. RIzzuto, L. Nofi, G. Mace, A. Vanderburg, G. Feiden, N. Narita, Y. Takeda, T. M. Esposito, R. J. De Rosa, M. Ansdell, T. Hirano, J. R. Graham, A. Kraus, D. Jaffe
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 464 Pages: 850-862
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw2345
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] K2-99: a subgiant hosting a transiting warm Jupiter in an eccentric orbit and a long-period companion (2017)
  • Author(s): A. M. S. Smith, D. Gandolfi, O. Barragan, B. Bowler, Sz. Csizmadia, M. Endl, M. C. V. Fridlund, S. Grziwa, E. Guenther, A. P. Hatzes, G. Nowak, S. Albrecht, R. Alonso, J. Cabrera, W. D. Cochran, F. Cusano, H. J. Deeg, Ph. Eigmuller, A. Erikson, D. Hidalgo, T. Hirano, M. C. Johnson, J. Korth, A. Mann, N. Narita, et al.
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 464 Pages: 2708-2716
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw2487
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] The K2-ESPRINT project. VI. K2-105 b, a hot Neptune around a metal-rich G-dwarf (2017)
  • Author(s): Norio Narita, Teruyuki Hirano, Akihiko Fukui, Yasunori Hori, Fei Dai, Liang Yu, John Livingston, Tsuguru Ryu, Grzegorz Nowak, Masayuki Kuzuhara, Bun'ei Sato, Yoichi Takeda, Simon Albrecht, et al.
  • Journal Title: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan Volume: 69 Pages: 29 (12 pp)
  • DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx002
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Multi-color simultaneous photometry of the T-Tauri star with planetary candidate, CVSO 30 (2017)
  • Author(s): Masahiro Onitsuka, Akihiko Fukui, Norio Narita, Teruyuki Hirano, Nobuhiko Kusakabe, Tsuguru Ryu, Motohide Tamura
  • Journal Title: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan Volume: 69 Pages: L2 (6 pp)
  • DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx004
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] EPIC 219388192b - An Inhabitant of the Brown Dwarf Desert in the Ruprecht 147 Open Cluster (2017)
  • Author(s): Grzegorz Nowak, Enric Palle, Davide Gandolfi, Fei Dai, Antonino F. Lanza, Teruyuki Hirano, Oscar Barragan, Akihiko Fukui, Hans Bruntt, Michael Endl, William D. Cochran, et al. (including Norio Narita)
  • Journal Title: Astronomical Journal Volume: 153 Pages: 131 (11 pp)
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa5cb6
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Doppler Monitoring of five K2 Transiting Planetary Systems (2016)
  • Author(s): Fei Dai, Joshua N. Winn, Simon Albrecht, Pamela Arriagada, Allyson Bieryla, R. Paul Butler, Jeffrey D. Crane, Teruyuki Hirano, John Asher Johnson, Amanda Kiilerich, David W. Latham, Norio Narita, Grzegorz Nowak, Enric Palle, Ignasi Ribas, Leslie A. Rogers, Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 823 Pages: 115 (16 pp)
  • DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/115
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] The K2-ESPRINT Project IV: A Hot Jupiter in a Prograde Orbit with a Possible Stellar Companion (2016)
  • Author(s): Teruyuki Hirano, Grzegorz Nowak, Masayuki Kuzuhara, Enric Palle, Fei Dai, Liang Yu, Vincent Van Eylen, Yoichi Takeda, Timothy D. Brandt, Norio Narita, Sergio Velasco, Jorge Prieto Arranz, Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda, Joshua N. Winn, Tomoyuki Kudo, Nobuhiko Kusakabe, Akihiko Fukui, Bun'ei Sato, Simon Albrecht, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 825 Pages: 53 (9 pp)
  • DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/53
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] High-contrast Imaging of Intermediate-mass Giants with Long-term Radial Velocity Trends (2016)
  • Author(s): Tsuguru Ryu, Bun'ei Sato, Masayuki Kuzuhara, Norio Narita, Yasuhiro H. Takahashi, Taichi Uyama, Tomoyuki Kudo, Nobuhiko Kusakabe, Jun Hashimoto, Masashi Omiya, Hiroki Harakawa, Lyu Abe, Hiroyasu Ando, Wolfgang Brandner, Timothy D. Brandt, Joseph C. Carson, Thayne Currie, Sebastian Egner, Markus Feldt, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 825 Pages: 127 (13 pp)
  • DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/127
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] The K2-ESPRINT Project V: A Short-period Giant Planet Orbiting a Subgiant Star (2016)
  • Author(s): Vincent Van Eylen, Simon Albrecht, Davide Gandolfi, Fei Dai, Joshua N. Winn, Teriyuki Hirano, Norio Narita, Hans Bruntt, Jorge Prieto-Arranz, Victor J. S. Bejar, Grzegorz Nowak, Mikkel N. Lund, Enric Palle, Ignasi Ribas, Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astronomical Journal Volume: 152 Pages: 143 (11 pp)
  • DOI: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/5/143
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] SEEDS direct imaging of the RV-detected companion to V450 Andromedae, and characterization of the system (2016)
  • Author(s): K. G. Helminiak, M. Kuzuhara, K. Mede, T. D. Brandt, R. Kandori, T. Suenaga, N. Kusakabe, N. Narita, J. C. Carson, T. Currie, T. Kudo, J. Hashimoto, L. Abe, E. Akiyama, W. Brandner, M. Feldt, M. Goto, C. A. Grady, O. Guyon, et al.
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 832 Pages: 33 (13 pp)
  • DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/832/1/33
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Ground-based Transit Observation of the Habitable-zone Super-Earth K2-3d (2016)
  • Author(s): Akihiko Fukui, John Livingston, Norio Narita, Teruyuki Hirano, Masahiro Onitsuka, Tsuguru Ryu, Nobuhiko Kusakabe
  • Journal Title: Astronomical Journal Volume: 152 Pages: 171 (12 pp)
  • DOI: 10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/171
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] A high precision technique to correct for residual atmospheric dispersion in high-contrast imaging systems (2016)
  • Author(s): P. Pathak, O. Guyon, N. Jovanovic, J. Lozi, F. Martinache, Y. Minowa, T. Kudo, H. Takami, Y. Hayano, N. Narita
  • Journal Title: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Pacific Volume: 128 Pages: 124404 (9 pp)
  • DOI: 10.1088/1538-3873/128/970/124404
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Formation and Evolution of Protoatmospheres (2016)
  • Author(s): H. Massol, K. Hamano, F. Tian, M. Ikoma, Y. Abe, E. Chassefiere, A. Davaille, H. Genda, M. Gudel, Y. Hori, et al.
  • Journal Title: Space Science Reviews Volume: 205 Pages: 153-211
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11214-016-0280-1
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] MuSCAT and MuSCAT2 for Detection and Characterization of Transiting Exoplanets (2017)
  • Author(s): Norio Narita
  • Organizer: Formation and Dynamical Evolution of Exoplanets
  • Place of Presentation: Aspen Center for Physics, Colorado, USA
  • Year and Date: 2017-03-27 – 2017-03-27
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] TRAPPIST-1 and Future Surveys of Habitable Transiting Earth-like Planets (2017)
  • Author(s): Norio Narita
  • Organizer: AstroBiology Center, NINS International Workshop 2017
  • Place of Presentation: 広島大学、広島県東広島市
  • Year and Date: 2017-03-23 – 2017-03-23
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] MuSCATによるトランジット惑星観測 運用2年目の観測成果と今後の展望 (2017)
  • Author(s): 成田憲保, 福井暁彦, 日下部展彦, 鬼塚昌宏, 笠嗣瑠, 平野照幸, 田村元秀, ほか MuSCAT/MuSCAT2チーム, ESPRINTチーム
  • Organizer: 2017年日本天文学会春季年会
  • Place of Presentation: 九州大学、福岡県福岡市
  • Year and Date: 2017-03-16 – 2017-03-16
• [Presentation] Transmission spectrum models of exoplanet atmospheres with haze: Effect of creation, growth, and settling of haze particles (2017)
  • Author(s): Yui Kawashima, Masahiro Ikoma
  • Organizer: Planet2 Symposium 2017: Origin and diversity of planetary systems from the microscope to the telescope
  • Place of Presentation: Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
  • Year and Date: 2017-02-20 – 2017-02-20
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] すばるとケックの連携によるTESSフォローアップ (2017)
  • Author(s): 成田憲保
  • Organizer: すばる-ケック連携のためのワークショップ
  • Place of Presentation: 国立天文台、東京都三鷹市
  • Year and Date: 2017-01-13 – 2017-01-13
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Subaru-TESS Synergy (2017)
  • Author(s): Norio Narita
  • Organizer: Subaru Users' Meeting FY2016
  • Place of Presentation: 国立天文台、東京都三鷹市
  • Year and Date: 2017-01-12 – 2017-01-12
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] MuSCAT and MuSCAT2 (2016)
  • Author(s): Norio Narita
  • Organizer: TESS Science Team Meeting/TFOP splinter session
  • Place of Presentation: MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  • Year and Date: 2016-12-09 – 2016-12-09
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Theoretical transmission spectra of warm super-Earths with hazy atmospheres (2016)
  • Author(s): Masahiro Ikoma, Yui Kawashima
  • Organizer: Japan-Germany Planet & Disk Workshop
  • Place of Presentation: ビーチホテルサンシャイン、沖縄県石垣市
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-29 – 2016-09-29
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] MuSCATによるTESSトランジット惑星候補の観測 (2016)
  • Author(s): 成田憲保
  • Organizer: 2016年度岡山ユーザーズミーティング
  • Place of Presentation: 国立天文台、東京都三鷹市
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-08 – 2016-09-08
• [Presentation] MuSCATの運用状況と1年目の観測成果 (2016)
  • Author(s): 成田憲保
  • Organizer: 2016年度岡山ユーザーズミーティング
  • Place of Presentation: 国立天文台、東京都三鷹市
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-07 – 2016-09-07
• [Presentation] 3.8m望遠鏡可視高分散分光器によるTESS惑星候補星の観測 (2016)
  • Author(s): 成田憲保
  • Organizer: 京大岡山3.8m望遠鏡時代における可視高分散分光天文学 II
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学、京都府京都市
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-02 – 2016-09-02
• [Presentation] TESSとすばるによる連携観測のサイエンス (2016)
  • Author(s): 成田憲保
  • Organizer: 2020年代のすばる望遠鏡と衛星計画のシナジー検討研究会
  • Place of Presentation: 国立天文台、東京都三鷹市
  • Year and Date: 2016-04-22 – 2016-04-22
  • Invited
• [Remarks] そこにあるはずがない惑星を発見
  • URL: http://abc-nins.jp/press/20160702_K2-39.html
• [Remarks] 星をふらつかせる未知の天体は惑星？恒星？
  • URL: http://subarutelescope.org/Pressrelease/2016/09/07/j_index.html
• [Remarks] 生命がいるかもしれない惑星の ”影” の観測に成功
  • URL: http://www.oao.nao.ac.jp/public/research/k2-3d/
• [Remarks] 灼熱の海王星型惑星K2-105bを発見 ～第２の地球探しへの足がかり～
  • URL: https://www.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/press/2017/5270/