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2016 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

Study of neutron-rich nuclei relevant to 1st and 2nd peak of r-process nucleosynthesis

Research Project

Project/Area Number 25247045
Research InstitutionInstitute of Physical and Chemical Research

Principal Investigator

西村 俊二  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 仁科加速器研究センター, 先任研究員 (90272137)

Project Period (FY) 2013-04-01 – 2017-03-31
Keywords重元素合成 / r過程 / 中性子過剰核 / β崩壊 / 超新星爆発 / 半減期 / 遅発中性子放出
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

質量数A=160の領域は、原子核の変形領域と考えられおり、r過程のフリーズアウト時に中性子数N=100の中性子過剰核が安定核に流れ込む際に収束効果が現れ、希土類元素のピークが形成されたという説がある。一方、中性子星合体のシナリオでは作られた超重元素からの核分裂成分による希土類元素の形成という説もある。
r過程におけるランタノイドを含む希土類元素(レアアース)の生成量を検証するためにセシウムからホロミウムまでの13元素の中性子過剰核(94種)の半減期測定に成功した。このうち57種は初めての報告となる。得られた半減期の系統性を調べたところ、中性子数N=97とN=105において崩壊スピードが急激に速くなる現象を見出した。プロメチウム(Pm)がN=100において逆に崩壊スピードが遅くなる現象も発見し、今後のr過程研究における重要な鍵を握る可能性を見出した。
得られた半減期データを超新星爆発を仮定したr過程・元素合成計算に取り込み、太陽系の希土類元素のピーク成分との比較を行った。その結果、新たにえられた57種の半減期が非常に大きな役割を果たすことを明らかにした。また、様々な原子核理論予測との系統的なズレを明らかにし、理論への重要なフィードバックを与えることとなった。
並行して、遅発中性子放出測定の実験を推進するために3He検出器を導入した実験装置の架台製作などを行い、40Mg, 78Ni近傍原子核の崩壊測定のためのテスト実験を実施した。その結果、RIBFにおいて一挙に数百種もの中性子過剰な原子核の遅発中性子放出確率を決定できる見込みがついた。また、中性子とγ線の弁別を可能とする新しいプラスチックシンチレータ(EJ-299)の製作を行い、その性能評価を行った。

Research Progress Status

28年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

28年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

  • Research Products

    (23 results)

All 2017 2016 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (6 results) Journal Article (10 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 10 results,  Peer Reviewed: 10 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 10 results) Presentation (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 2 results) Remarks (5 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Peking University(China)

    • Country Name
      China
    • Counterpart Institution
      Peking University
  • [Int'l Joint Research] National Physical Laboratory/University of Surrey/University of the West of Scotland(United Kingdom)

    • Country Name
      United Kingdom
    • Counterpart Institution
      National Physical Laboratory/University of Surrey/University of the West of Scotland
    • # of Other Institutions
      4
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Los Alamos National Laboratory/Argonne National Laboratory(米国)

    • Country Name
      U.S.A.
    • Counterpart Institution
      Los Alamos National Laboratory/Argonne National Laboratory
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Inst. Nat. Polytech. de Grenoble/Institut Laue-Langevin(France)

    • Country Name
      France
    • Counterpart Institution
      Inst. Nat. Polytech. de Grenoble/Institut Laue-Langevin
  • [Int'l Joint Research] INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro/Universit‘ degli Studi di Padova/INFN, Sezione di Milano(Italy)

    • Country Name
      Italy
    • Counterpart Institution
      INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro/Universit‘ degli Studi di Padova/INFN, Sezione di Milano
  • [Int'l Joint Research]

    • # of Other Countries
      8
  • [Journal Article] Nuclear structure and b-decay schemes for Te nuclides beyond N = 822017

    • Author(s)
      B. Moon, ..., S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review C

      Volume: 95 Pages: 044322, 1-6

    • DOI

      10.1103/PhysRevC.95.044322

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] The role of core excitations in the structure and decay of the 16+ spin-gap isomer in 96Cd2017

    • Author(s)
      P. Davies, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physics Letters B

      Volume: 767 Pages: 474 - 479

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.physletb.2017.02.013

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] 94 β -Decay half-Lives of Neutron-Rich 55Cs to 67Ho: Experimental Feedback and Evaluation of the r-Process Rare-Earth Peak2017

    • Author(s)
      J. Wu, S. S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physics Review Letters

      Volume: 118 Pages: 0672701, 1 - 6

    • DOI

      10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.072701

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Type II shell evolution in A = 70 isobars from the N ≧ 40 island of inversion2017

    • Author(s)
      A.I. Morales, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Letters B

      Volume: 765 Pages: 328, 333

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.physletb.2016.12.025

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] μs isomers of 158,160Nd2016

    • Author(s)
      E. Ideguchi, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review C

      Volume: 94 Pages: 064901, 1 - 5

    • DOI

      10.1103/PhysRevC.94.064901

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Proton-hole and core excited states in the semi-magic nucleus 131In822016

    • Author(s)
      J. Taprogge, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      European Physical Journal A

      Volume: 52 Pages: 1 - 10

    • DOI

      10.1140/epja/i2016-16347-y

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] K-mixing in the doubly mid-shell nuclide 170Dy and the role of vibrational degeracy2016

    • Author(s)
      P.-A. Soederstroem, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Letters B

      Volume: 762 Pages: 404 - 408

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.physletb.2016.09.058

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Two-proton Radioactivity of 68Kr2016

    • Author(s)
      T. Goigoux, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Letters

      Volume: 117 Pages: 162501

    • DOI

      10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.162501

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] β-decay of semi-magic 130Cd: Revision and extension of the level scheme of 130In2016

    • Author(s)
      A. Jungclaus, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review C

      Volume: 94 Pages: 024303, 1 - 8

    • DOI

      10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024303

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Long-lived K isomer and enhanced γ vibration in the neutron-rich nucleus 172Dy: Collectivity beyond double midshell2016

    • Author(s)
      H. Watanabe, …, S. Nishimura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physics Letters B

      Volume: 641 Pages: 641 - 646

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.physletb.2016.07.057

    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Presentation] Experimental beta-decay rates of r-process nuclei2017

    • Author(s)
      S. Nishimura
    • Organizer
      Neutron star mergers: From gravitational waves to nucleosynthesis
    • Place of Presentation
      Hirshegg, Austria
    • Year and Date
      2017-01-18 – 2017-01-18
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] β-decay properties of neutron-rich nuclei: impact on r-process abundance2016

    • Author(s)
      S. Nishimura
    • Organizer
      The 14th International Symposium on Nuclei in the Cosmos
    • Place of Presentation
      Niigata, Japan
    • Year and Date
      2016-06-21 – 2016-06-21
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      http://www.riken.jp/pr/press/2017/20170217_1/digest/

  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      http://www.riken.jp/pr/topics/2017/20170105_1/

  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      http://ribf.riken.jp/~nishimu/

  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      http://www.riken.jp/pr/press/2015/20150512_1/

  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      http://www.riken.jp/pr/press/2014/20140829_1/

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Published: 2018-01-16   Modified: 2022-01-28  

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