Study of biosurfactants as mucosal adjuvant

2015 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 25460597
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Immunology
• Research Institution: Iwate Medical University
• Principal Investigator: Yoshino Naoto 岩手医科大学, 医学部, 准教授 (20372881)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): SATO SHIGEHIRO 岩手医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (20112592) ; SASAKI YUTAKA 岩手医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (80526062) ; NAKAGOMI OSAMU 長崎大学, 医歯(薬)学総合研究科, 教授 (70143047) ; KANNO HIROYUKI 信州大学, 医学部, 教授 (40252663) ; SADZUKA YASUYUKI 岩手医科大学, 薬学部, 教授 (90162403) ; SUGIYAMA IKUMI 岩手医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (80509050)
• Research Collaborator: TAKESHITA RYOSUKE 岩手医科大学, 医学部, 大学院生
• Project Period (FY): 2013-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Keywords: アジュバント / 粘膜免疫 / ワクチン / 界面活性剤

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Surfactin (SF) is a potent biosurfactant isolated from Bacillus subtilis. Following intranasal immunization with ovalbumin (OVA) with or without SF, we observed increased levels of OVA-specific antibodies in mucosal secretions and plasma. SF activated mast cells, which subsequently released chemical mediators and upregulated cytokine mRNA. Further, by increasing of SF concentration in SF-OVA-saline system, critical micellar concentration (cmc) was observed. These suggested that SF-OVA complexes were formed. When mice were intranasally immunized with OVA plus SF of which concentration was above cmc, significantly enhanced immune responses evoked in both mucosal and systemic compartments as compared OVA alone. At above cmc, the particle diameter of SF-OVA complex were larger than that of OVA. Thus, our study demonstrated that the adjuvanticity of SF was conferred by additive or synergistic effects on mast cell activation and enlarged particle sizes.

Free Research Field

免疫学