メダカを用いた個体認知に関わる脳領域の検索

2014 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 25640006
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: 竹内 秀明 東京大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 助教 (00376534)
• Project Period (FY): 2013-04-01 – 2015-03-31
• Keywords: 社会行動 / 脳 / 神経系 / GnRH

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

これまでに、メダカは個体認知に基づく高度な社会性を持つことを解明した。例えば、メスの配偶者選択の際に「新規に出現したオス」と「見知ったオス」を識別して、後者の求愛を受け入れる現象や、集団採餌の際に、餌場情報を記憶した学習個体を、未学習の個体が認知して追従することで採餌効率が上がる現象を発見した。本研究ではメダカのメスの配偶者選択（「見知ったオス」を配偶相手として好む）に異常を示す変異体を検索した結果、神経ペプチドGnRH3を合成するニューロンに発生異常を持つ２つのメス変異体系統（cxcr4, cxcr7）は、メスの配偶者（オス）に対する好みが消失し「新規に出現したオス」をすぐに受け入れることを見出した。そこでGnRH3ニューロンとメスの配偶者選択との関連を直接的に検証する実験を行った。まずGnRH3ニューロンをレーザー破壊した結果、破壊メス個体は変異体同様に「新規に出現したオス」をすぐに受け入れることを確認した。さらにメスはオスを長時間見ているとGnRH3ニューロンの自発的発火頻度が上昇することを示した。GnRH3遺伝子変異体を作製した結果、メス変異体はオスをみても自発的発火頻度は上昇せず、「見知ったオス」の求愛も受け入れないことを見いだした。このことから、GnRH3ペプチドはGnRH3ニューロンの自己活性化と「見知ったオス」への求愛受け入れに必要であることを示した。本研究の成果はSciece誌に掲載された。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] An Essential Role of the Arginine Vasotocin System in Mate-Guarding Behaviors in Triadic Relationships of Medaka Fish (Oryzias latipes). (2015)
  • Author(s): Yokoi S, Okuyama T, Kamei Y, Naruse K, Taniguchi Y, Ansai S, Kinoshita M, Young LJ, Takemori N, Kubo T, Takeuchi H
  • Journal Title: PLOS genetics Volume: 11 Pages: e1005009
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005009
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Genetic Control of Startle Behavior in Medaka Fish Satomi (2014)
  • Author(s): Tsuboko S, Kimura T, Shinya M, Suehiro Y, Okuyama T, Shimada A, Takeda H, Naruse K, Kubo T, Takeuchi H
  • Journal Title: PLOS ONE Volume: 9 Pages: e112527
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112527
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] Analysis of mechanism underlying brain growth accompanied by neurogenesis using medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) (2014)
  • Author(s): Yasuko Isoe, Teruhiro Okuyama, Masahito Hoki, Yuji Suehiro, Genki Yamagishi,Kiyoshi Naruse, Masato Kinoshita, Yasuhiro Kamei, Shigenori Nonaka Atushi Shimizu, Takeo Kubo, Hideaki Takeuchi
  • Organizer: Neuroscience 2014/ SfN(北米神経学会)
  • Place of Presentation: アメリカ・ワシントンD.C.
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-17 – 2014-11-17
• [Presentation] Analysis of mechanism underlying brain growth accompanied by neurogenesis using medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) (2014)
  • Author(s): Yasuko Isoe, Teruhiro Okuyama, Masahito Hoki, Yuji Suehiro, Genki Yamagishi,Kiyoshi Naruse, Masato Kinoshita, Yasuhiro Kamei, Shigenori Nonaka Atushi Shimizu, Takeo Kubo, Hideaki Takeuchi
  • Organizer: Neuro2014 / The 36th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-09 – 2014-09-09
• [Presentation] Analysis of mechanism underlying brain growth accompanied by neurogenesis using medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) (2014)
  • Author(s): Yasuko Isoe, Teruhiro Okuyama, Masahito Hoki, Yuji Suehiro, Genki Yamagishi,Kiyoshi Naruse, Masato Kinoshita, Yasuhiro Kamei, Shigenori Nonaka Atushi Shimizu, Takeo Kubo, Hideaki Takeuchi
  • Organizer: 2014 International Congress of Neuroethology/The Japanese Society for comparative Physiology and Biochemistry
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-29 – 2014-07-29
• [Presentation] Searching for genes affecting visually-evoked startle response properties with inbred strains of Medaka (Oryzias latipes) -- Genetically Affected Escape Modes in Solitary and Collective States of Medaka Fish (2014)
  • Author(s): Tsuboko S, Kimura T, Shinya M, Suehiro Y, Okuyama T, Shimada A, Takeda H, Naruse K, Kubo T, Takeuchi H
  • Organizer: 2014 International Congress of Neuroethology/The Japanese Society for comparative Physiology and Biochemistry
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-28 – 2014-07-28
• [Presentation] Analysis of mechanism underlying brain growth accompanied by neurogenesis using medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) (2014)
  • Author(s): Yasuko Isoe, Teruhiro Okuyama, Masahito Hoki, Yuji Suehiro, Genki Yamagishi,Kiyoshi Naruse, Masato Kinoshita, Yasuhiro Kamei, Shigenori Nonaka Atushi Shimizu, Takeo Kubo, Hideaki Takeuchi
  • Organizer: 2nd Strategic Meeting for Medaka Research
  • Place of Presentation: セビリア・スペイン
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-10 – 2014-04-12
• [Presentation] Searching for genes affecting visually-evoked startle response properties with medaka inbred strains (2014)
  • Author(s): Tsuboko S, Kimura T, Shinya M, Suehiro Y, Okuyama T, Shimada A, Takeda H, Naruse K, Kubo T, Takeuchi H
  • Organizer: 2nd Strategic Meeting for Medaka Research
  • Place of Presentation: セビリア・スペイン
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-10 – 2014-04-12
• [Presentation] Behavioral polymorphism in medaka strains: genetic factor matters? (2014)
  • Author(s): Mu-Yun Wang, Takeo Kubo and Hideaki Takeuchi
  • Organizer: 2nd Strategic Meeting for Medaka Research
  • Place of Presentation: セビリア・スペイン
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-10 – 2014-04-12
• [Presentation] Proximate and ultimate causes of socially-regulated mating preference in medaka fish (2014)
  • Author(s): Hideaki Takeuchi
  • Organizer: 2nd Strategic Meeting for Medaka Research
  • Place of Presentation: セビリア・スペイン
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-10 – 2014-04-10
  • Invited
• [Book] 動物行動の分子生物学 (2014)
  • Author(s): 竹内秀明
  • Total Pages: 27
  • Publisher: 裳華房
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/press/4416/