2015 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Imaging and manipulation of calcium within entire astrocyte territories
| Project/Area Number |
25710005
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
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| Allocation Type | Partial Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Neurochemistry/Neuropharmacology
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| Research Institution | University of Yamanashi |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2013-04-01 – 2016-03-31
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| Keywords | ペリシナプスグリア / アストロサイト / カルシウム / カルシウム感受性タンパク / シナプス伝達 / P2Y1受容体 / mGluR5受容体 / てんかん重積 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Astrocytes are not electrically excitable but display Ca2+ excitability. Ca2+ excitability in astrocytes has been extensively studied. However, in those studies, Ca2+ signals at soma have been mainly focused. Then, Ca2+ signals at astrocyte processes where astrocytes contact intimately with synapses remain largely unknown. The lack of method to measure Ca2+ at astrocyte processes, so-called “perisynapseglia”, hinder our understanding of Ca2+ signals in astrocytes and its physiological significance. Here, we introduced genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators specifically into astrocytes and found numerous Ca2+ signals in perisynapseglia both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of P2Y1 receptor, which is one of major GqPCRs, specifically into astrocytes caused large Ca2+ signals in entire astrocytic territories. These augmented Ca2+ signals in astrocytes may lead to neuronal hyper-excitability by increasing excitatory synaptic transmission and altering inhibitory synaptic transmission.
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| Free Research Field |
神経化学・神経薬理学
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