2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Molecular evolutionary processes of dosage compensation based on the comparisons of closely-related species in Drosophila
| Project/Area Number |
25711023
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
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| Allocation Type | Partial Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Evolutionary biology
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| Research Institution | Tokyo Metropolitan University (2016-2017)
National Institute of Genetics (2013-2015) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2013-04-01 – 2018-03-31
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| Keywords | 性染色体 / ショウジョウバエ / 遺伝子量補償 / 遺伝子発現 / ゲノム / トランスクリプトーム / 偽遺伝子化 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
When sex chromosomes emerge from a pair of autosomes, the Y chromosomes highly degenerate due to recombination suppression in many cases. To overcome this potential disadvantage, many organisms acquire the so-called dosage compensation by which X-linked genes in males are upregulated to compensate the decrease of gene dosage due to the loss of Y-linked homologs. However, how dosage compensation evolves at the molecular level largely remains unknown.
To tackle this question, I have focused on Drosophila miranda that acquired the sex chromosomes around 1 million years ago. Comparing the genomes and transcriptomes of D. miranda and its closely-related species without young sex chromosomes, I found that not only Y but also X degenerate in the early stage of sex chromosome evolution. I also found that dosage compensation operates on each gene at the initial evolutionary stage (i.e., gene-by-gene dosage compensation).
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| Free Research Field |
進化遺伝学
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