非典型的多発性硬化症の臨床・病態解析

2015 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26293205
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: 藤原 一男 東北大学, 医学(系)研究科(研究院), 非常勤講師 (70280873)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 多発性硬化症 / 非典型例 / 抗MOG抗体 / 視神経脊髄炎 / 脱髄疾患 / アストロサイトパチー

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

多発性硬化症(MS)の非典型例が典型例といかに異なるかについて種々の検討を行った、
1.非典型例の一型であるミエリンオリゴデンドロサイト糖たんぱく(MOG)抗体陽性症例の視神経炎は、アクアポリン4(AQP4)抗体陽性例に比べて、視交叉病変はまれであるが急性期の視神経の腫脹が顕著な症例が多かった。しかし慢性期のOCTで神経層厚を測定すると、MOG抗体陽性例の神経傷害の程度はAQP4抗体陽性例より有意に軽度であった。MOG抗体陽性例の髄液の解析から、脱髄が主体の病態でありアストロサイト障害はほとんどないことを論文にまとめた。また本邦のMOG陽性小児例の臨床、画像及び検査所見をまとめ論文として発表した。MOG抗体の測定法として、全長のMOGを細胞にトランスフェクトし二次抗体としては抗IgG1抗体を用いると、陽性例としてAQP4抗体陰性NMOSDや、小児のADEM、視神経炎や非典型的MSと診断される症例の検出することができた。今後はこの方法がMOG抗体検出の一つの標準的な方法になると期待され、これによる全国の医療施設から送付される検体に対して検査サービスを開始した。
2.NMOO Spectrum Disordersの新たな診断基準を国際委員会のメンバーとして発表した。またAQP4抗体陽性例における、流産の有意な増加、MRI(通常及び高度な撮像法による), OCT所見を広範な文献検索を行い論文にまとめた。これらは今後の非典型例との比較に有用なデータになると期待される。
3.東日本大震災により仙台地区のMS,NMO症例では、震災時に有意はストレス下にあったがほとんどの症例で治療は中断することなく、自宅や避難所等で衣食住が継続して提供された。このためか、震災後1年間では震災前に比べて年間再発率には差がなかった。これらの結果を現在投稿準備中である。

Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

非典型的MSの一型である、MOG抗体陽性例の臨床、MRI,OCT検査所見、本邦の小児例の特徴などを明らかにすることができた。またMOG抗体検出はこれまで確率していなかったが、全長のMOGを細胞にトランスフェクトし二次抗体としては抗IgG1抗体を用いることにより、特異な一群を検出できた。今後この方法はMOG抗体の標準的な検査法になると期待される。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

MOG抗体陽性例は非典型的MSとして重要な解析対象疾患である。今後MOG抗体陽性例を多数集積し、この型における臨床、画像、検査所見、治療反応性などの特徴をさらに解析していきたい。またMOG抗体陽性例における新たな特異な大脳病変を現在解析中でありこれをまとめていきたい。MOG抗体陽性例のさらなる病理病態解析として、血液、髄液や脳生検検体を用いて、その免疫及び病理学的な特徴を細胞及び分子レベルで明らかにしていく。
その他の非典型的MS症例における、画像の特徴や従来のMS治療薬が無効な症例などのサブグループを見出していき、その病態解析と適切な治療法の確率を行って行く。

Causes of Carryover

ミエリンオリゴデンドロサイト糖タンパク(MOG)抗体の検査に用いた血液や髄液、脳生検の検体数が予想よりやや少なく、免疫病態解析の一部について症例数をもう少し増やして行う必要があると判断した。またこれに伴いMOG抗体陽性及び陰性の非典型的多発性硬化症(MS)症例における臨床、治療反応性などの検討を次年度に継続して行う必要がある。

Expenditure Plan for Carryover Budget

MOG抗体検査、リンパ球サブセットの解析及び急性増悪期の髄液サイトカイン・ケモカイン濃度の解析、脳生検症例の病理学的検討に必要な物品の購入とそれに伴う学会発表などに次年度使用額を使用する予定である。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Mayo Clinic/University of Calfornia, San Francisco/University of Colorado(米国)
  • Country Name: U.S.A.
  • Counterpart Institution: Mayo Clinic/University of Calfornia, San Francisco/University of Colorado
• [Int'l Joint Research] Oxford University/Walton Center, Liverpool(United Kingdom)
  • Country Name: United Kingdom
  • Counterpart Institution: Oxford University/Walton Center, Liverpool
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Sao Paulo/Pontifical Catholic University of RGdS(Brazil)
  • Country Name: Brazil
  • Counterpart Institution: University of Sao Paulo/Pontifical Catholic University of RGdS
• [Int'l Joint Research] Meidcal University Vienna(Austria)
  • Country Name: Austria
  • Counterpart Institution: Meidcal University Vienna
• [Int'l Joint Research] National Cancer Center(韓国)
  • Country Name: KOREA (REP. OF KOREA)
  • Counterpart Institution: National Cancer Center
• [Int'l Joint Research]
  • # of Other Countries: 5
• [Journal Article] Placebo-controlled study in neuromyelitis optica-Ethical and design considerations. (2016)
  • Author(s): Cree BA, Bennett JL, Sheehan M, Cohen J, Hartung HP, Aktas O, Kim HJ, Paul F, Pittock S, Weinshenker B, Wingerchuk D, Fujihara K, Cutter G, Patra K, Flor A, Barron G, Madani S, Ratchford JN, Katz E.
  • Journal Title: Mult Scler Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Th17 Cells Pathways in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Implications (2016)
  • Author(s): Passos G, Sato D, Becker J, Fujihara K.
  • Journal Title: Mediators Inflamm Volume: 2016 Pages: 5314541
  • DOI: 10.1155/2016/5314541.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Demyelinating diseases in Asia. (2016)
  • Author(s): Ochi H, Fujihara K.
  • Journal Title: Curr Opin Neurol Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] MRI and retinal abnormalities in isolated optic neuritis with myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and aquaporin-4 antibodies: a comparative study. (2016)
  • Author(s): Akaishi T, Sato DK, Nakashima I, Takeshita T, Takahashi T, Doi H, Kurosawa K, Kaneko K, Kuroda H, Nishiyama S, Misu T, Nakazawa T, Fujihara K, Aoki M.
  • Journal Title: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Volume: 87 Pages: 446-448
  • DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-310206.
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Pregnancy-related relapse risk factors in women with anti-AQP4 antibody positivity and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. (2016)
  • Author(s): Shimizu Y, Fujihara K, Ohashi T, Nakashima I, Yokoyama K, Ikeguch R, Takahashi T, Misu T, Shimizu S, Aoki M, Kitagawa K.
  • Journal Title: Mult Scler Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] High avidity chimeric monoclonal antibodies against the extracellular domains of human aquaporin-4 competing with the neuromyelitis optica autoantibody, NMO-IgG. (2016)
  • Author(s): Miyazaki-Komine K, Takai Y, Huang P, Kusano-Arai O, Iwanari H, Misu T, Koda K, Mitomo K, Sakihama T, Toyama Y, Fujihara K, Hamakubo T, Yasui M, Abe Y.
  • Journal Title: Br J Pharmacol Volume: 173 Pages: 103-114
  • DOI: 10.1111/bph.13340
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] The clinical spectrum associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (anti-MOG-Ab) in Thai patients. (2016)
  • Author(s): Siritho S, Sato DK, Kaneko K, Fujihara K, Prayoonwiwat N.
  • Journal Title: Mult Scler Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Highly encephalitogenic aquaporin 4-specific T cells and NMO-IgG jointly orchestrate lesion location and tissue damage in the CNS (2016)
  • Author(s): Zeka B, Hastermann M, Hochmeister S, Kögl N, Kaufmann N, Schanda K, Mader S, Misu T, Rommer P, Fujihara K, Illes Z, Leutmezer F, Sato DK, Nakashima I, Reindl M, Lassmann H, Bradl M.
  • Journal Title: Acta Neuropathol Volume: 130 Pages: 783-798
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1501-5.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica (2016)
  • Author(s): Yamasaki R, Matsushita T, Fukazawa T, Yokoyama K, Fujihara K, Ogino M, Yokota T, Miyamoto K, Niino M, Nomura K, Tomioka R, Tanaka M, Kawachi I, Ohashi T, Kaida KI, Matsui M, Nakatsuji Y, Ochi H, Fukaura H, Kanda T, Nagaishi A, Togo K, Mizusawa H, Murai H, Kira JI
  • Journal Title: Mult Scler Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Pregnancy outcomes in aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. (2016)
  • Author(s): Nour MM, Nakashima I, Coutinho E, Woodhall M, Sousa F, Revis J, Takai Y, George J, Kitley J, Santos ME, Nour JM, Cheng F, Kuroda H, Misu T, Martins-da-Silva A, DeLuca GC, Vincent A, Palace J, Waters P, Fujihara K, Leite MI
  • Journal Title: Neurology Volume: 86 Pages: :79-87
  • DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002208
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Myelin injury without astrocytopathy in neuroinflammatory disorders with MOG antibodies (2016)
  • Author(s): Kaneko K, Sato DK, Nakashima I, Nishiyama S, Tanaka S, Marignier R, Hyun JW, Oliveira LM, Reindl M, Seifert-Held T, Sepulveda M, Siritho S, Waters PJ, Kurosawa K, Akaishi T, Kuroda H, Misu T, Prayoonwiwat N, Berger T, Saiz A, Kim HJ, Nomura K, Callegaro D, Fujihara K, Aoki M
  • Journal Title: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Volume: 印刷中 Pages: 印刷中
  • DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-312676
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Lesion length of optic neuritis impacts visual prognosi in neuromyelitis optica (2016)
  • Author(s): Akaishi T, Ichiro Nakashima, Takeshita T, Mugikura S, Sato DK, Takahashi T, Nishiyama S, Kurosawa K, Misu T, Nakazawa T, Aoki M, Fujihara K
  • Journal Title: J Neuroimmunol Volume: 293 Pages: 28-33
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.02.004
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Experimental neuromyelitis optica induces a type I interferon signature in the spinal cord (2016)
  • Author(s): Oji S, Nicolussi E, Kaufmann N, Schanda K, Fujihara K, Illes Z, Reindl M, Lassmann H, Bradl M
  • Journal Title: PLoS ONE Volume: 11 Pages: e0151244
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151244
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] MRI characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an international update. (2015)
  • Author(s): Kim, HJ, Paul F, Lana-Peixoto MA, Tenembaum S, Asgari N, Palace J, Klawiter EC, Sato DK, de Seze J, Jens Wuerfel J, Banwell BL, Villoslada P, Saiz A, Fujihara K, Kim SH.
  • Journal Title: Neurology Volume: 84 Pages: 1165-1173
  • DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001367.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: Seeing differences through Optical Coherence Tomography. (2015)
  • Author(s): Bennett JL, de Seze J, Lana-Peixoto M, Palace J, Waldman A, Schippling S, Tenembaum S, Banwell B, Greenberg B, Levy M, Fujihara K, Chan KH, Kim HJ, Asgari N, Sato DK, Klawiter EC, Saiz A, Wuerfel J, Zimmermann H, Green A, Villoslada P, Paul1 F
  • Journal Title: Mult Scler Volume: 21 Pages: 678-688
  • DOI: 10.1177/1352458514567216.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Challenges and opportunities in designing clinical trials for neuromyelitis optica. (2015)
  • Author(s): 3.Weinshenker BG, Barron G, Behne JM, Bennett JL, Chin PS, Cree B, de Seze J, Armando Flor, Fujihara K, Greenberg BM, Higashi S, Holt W, Khan OA, Knappertz V, Levy M, Melia AT, Palace J, Smith TJ, Sormani MP, Van Herle K, VanMeter SA, Villoslada P, Walton MK, Wasiewski W, Wingerchuk D, Yeaman M.
  • Journal Title: Neurology Volume: 84 Pages: 1805-1815
  • DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001520.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Use of Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. (2015)
  • Author(s): Kremer S, Renard F, Achard S, Lana-Peixoto MA, Palace J, Asgari N, Klawiter EC, Tenembaum SN, Banwell B, Greenberg BM, Bennett JL, Levy M, Villoslada P, Saiz A, Fujihara K, Chan KH, Schippling S, Paul F, Kim HJ, de Seze J, Wuerfel JT
  • Journal Title: JAMA Neurol Volume: 72 Pages: 815-822
  • DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.0248.
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. (2015)
  • Author(s): Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, Cabre P, Carroll W, Chitnis T, de Seze J, Fujihara K, Greenberg B, Jacob A, Jarius S, Lana-Peixoto M, Levy M, Simon JH, Tenembaum S, Traboulsee AL, Waters P, Wellik KE, Weinshenker BG.
  • Journal Title: Neurology Volume: 85 Pages: 177-189
  • DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001729.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Neuropsychological Battery with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised in Japanese patients with Multiple Sclerosis. (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujimori J, Baba T, Meguro Y, Nakashima I, Mori E, Fujihara K, Aoki M.
  • Journal Title: Clin Exp Neuroimmunol Volume: 6 Pages: 306-308
  • DOI: 10.1111/cen3.12215
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Depressive state and chronic fatigue in multiple sclerosis. (2015)
  • Author(s): Akaishi T, Nakashima I, Misu T, Fujihara K, Aoki M.
  • Journal Title: J Neuroimmunol Volume: 283 Pages: 70-73
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.05.007.
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] MOG cell-based assay detects non-MS patients with inflammatory neurologic disease. (2015)
  • Author(s): Waters P, Woodhall M, O'Connor KC, Reindl M, Lang B, Sato DK, Juryńczyk M, Tackley G, Rocha J, Takahashi T, Misu T, Nakashima I, Palace J, Fujihara K, Leite MI, Vincent A.
  • Journal Title: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. Volume: 2 Pages: e89
  • DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000089.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Leukoencephalopathy resolution after atypical mycobacterial treatment: a case report. (2015)
  • Author(s): Oliveira MC, Sato DK, Soares-Neto HR, Lucato LT, Callegaro D, Nitrini R, Medeiros RS, Misu T, Fujihara K, Castro LH.
  • Journal Title: BMC Neurol. Volume: 15 Pages: 159
  • DOI: 10.1186/s12883-015-0415-0.
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Fulminant demyelinating encephalomyelitis: Insights from antibody studies and neuropathology (2015)
  • Author(s): Di Pauli F, Höftberger R, Reindl M, Beer R, Rhomberg P, Schanda K, Sato D, Fujihara K, Lassmann H, Schmutzhard E, Berger T
  • Journal Title: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. Volume: 2 Pages: e175
  • DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000175
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Severely exacerbated neuromyelitis optica rat model with extensive astrocytopathy by high affinity anti-aquaporin-4 monoclonal antibody (2015)
  • Author(s): Kurosawa K, Misu T, Takai Y, Sato DK, Takahashi T, Abe Y, Iwanari H, Ogawa R, Nakashima I, Fujihara K, Hamakubo T, Yasui M, Aoki M
  • Journal Title: Acta Neuropathol Commun Volume: 3 Pages: 82
  • DOI: 10.1186/s40478-015-0259-2
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] Pathogenesis of NMOSD (Session IV, NMO/SD): What we know --- What we don’t (2016)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation 8th Annual Neuromyelitis Optica Roundtable Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Los Angeles (USA)
  • Year and Date: 2016-03-01 – 2016-03-01
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Teaching Course: How to diagnose and treat indistinguishable early cases of inflammatory CNS diseases in Asians, New Diagnostic Criteria of NMOSD (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 8th Annual Meeting of Pan-Asian Committee for Treatmetn and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (PACTRIMS)
  • Place of Presentation: Seoul (Republic of Korea)
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-20 – 2015-11-20
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] New insights into the Molecular Pathogenesis of NMO Spectrum Disorders (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: European Charcot Foudantion Symposium in The 8th Annual Meeting of Pan-Asian Committee for Treatmetn and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (PACTRIMS)
  • Place of Presentation: Seoul (Republic of Korea)
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-19 – 2015-11-19
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] MS in Special Populations:Is there an “Eatern Type of MS” ? (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: Istanbul MS Days 2015
  • Place of Presentation: Istanbul (Turkey)
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-13 – 2015-11-13
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Teaching Course 14: Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Update in NMO (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 22nd World Congress of Neurology
  • Place of Presentation: Santiago (Chile)
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-01 – 2015-11-01
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Main Topic 6.2: Multiple Sclerosis and Other Demyelinating Diseases, Our Current Understanding of NMO and its Spectrum Disorders (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 22nd World Congress of Neurology
  • Place of Presentation: Santiago (Chile)
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-01 – 2015-11-01
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Topic 5: Incidence, Prevalence and Phenotypes of Demyelinating Diseases Outside Europe and NA: Asia (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 31st Congress of European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS)
  • Place of Presentation: Barcelona (Spain)
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-09 – 2015-10-09
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Teaching Course 12: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Pathophysiology of NMOSD. (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 31st Congress of European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS)
  • Place of Presentation: Barcelona (Spain)
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-07 – 2015-10-07
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] B S Singhal Oration: The Concept of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Its Evolution and Lessons (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 16th Annual Conference of Indian Academy of Neurology
  • Place of Presentation: Agra (India)
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-03 – 2015-10-03
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Challenging Cases: A young lady with severe myasthenia and emaciation (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 16th Annual Conference of Indian Academy of Neurology
  • Place of Presentation: Agra (India)
  • Year and Date: 2015-10-02 – 2015-10-02
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Special Lecture: Is the Disease Activity of Multiple Sclerosis Inevitable ? (1) MS treatment decision in Japan (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: 第27回日本神経免疫学会学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 岐阜市(岐阜)
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-15 – 2015-09-15
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Devic’s Neuromyelitis Optica: astrocytopathic disease vs. non-astrocytopathic disease (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 16th Annual Meeting of Brazillian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (BCTRIMS)
  • Place of Presentation: Foz de Iguacu (Brazil)
  • Year and Date: 2015-08-21 – 2015-08-21
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Update on diagnosis and monitoring of NMO Spectrum Disorders: body fluids (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: European Charcot Foundation Symposium in The 16th Annual Meeting of Brazillian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (BCTRIMS)
  • Place of Presentation: Foz de Iguacu (Brazil)
  • Year and Date: 2015-08-21 – 2015-08-21
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Demyelinating diseases in Asia: complexity and heterogeneity (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: 2015 APAC MS Summit
  • Place of Presentation: Hong Kong (China)
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-18 – 2015-07-19
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Focus on NMO Spectrum Disorders (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: Top Seminars in Multiple Sclerosis 2015
  • Place of Presentation: Baveno (Italy)
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-28 – 2015-05-30
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Evolving concept of NMO Spectrum Disorders: what can we learn ? (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 1st Chinese International Summit Meetin g of Neurimmunology and Neuroinfections
  • Place of Presentation: Beijing (China)
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-15 – 2015-05-16
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] NMO and its Spectrum Disorders: an international perspective (2015)
  • Author(s): Fujihara K
  • Organizer: The 67th Annual Meeting of American Academy of Neurology
  • Place of Presentation: Washington DC (USA)
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-18 – 2015-04-18
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Book] Pocket Drugs 2016 (2016)
  • Author(s): 藤原一男
  • Total Pages: ６
  • Publisher: 医学書院
• [Book] ポケット版 神経内科 検査・処置マニュアル (2016)
  • Author(s): 2.黒田 宙、藤原一男
  • Total Pages: ６
  • Publisher: 新興医学出版社
• [Remarks] 東北大学大学院医学系研究科多発性硬化症治療学寄附講座
  • URL: http://www.ms.med.tohoku.ac.jp/index.html