Driving force of nitrogen transformation in agricultural soil - Linking nitrification and denitrification in a microenvironment

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26310315
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Partial Multi-year Fund
• Section: 特設分野
• Research Field: Food Cycle Research
• Research Institution: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (2016); National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (2014-2015)
• Principal Investigator: Hayatsu Masahito 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 農業環境変動研究センター 物質循環研究領域, 主席研究員 (70283348)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 多胡 香奈子 国立研究開発法人農業環境技術研究所, その他部局等, 研究員 (20432198)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): SUWA Yuchi 中央大学, 理工学部, 教授 (90154632) ; KATSUYAMA Chie 中央大学, 理工学部, 助教 (10580061) ; TAKAMI Hideto 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 海洋極限環境生物領域, 上席研究員 (70359165) ; KURISU Hutroshi 東京大学, 大学院 工学研究科, 准教授 (30312979)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-07-18 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 硝化 / 脱窒 / 亜酸化窒素 / メタゲノム

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of formation of a microbial reaction system in soil microenvironment in which nitrification and denitrification proceed cooperatively, and analyze the community structure of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in the system. The following results were obtained. 1)To analyze a microbial community in soil microparticles (soil microenvironment), it is essential to develop a technology to prevent microbial contamination between particles. 2) The hot spot of nitrification and denitrification at which various and many nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria were found are limited to surface and organic matter layers of the soil used. 3) We successfully isolated an ammonia oxidizing bacterium which was identified as a new genus new species. 4) The results of genomic analysis of the isolate indicated that the nitrifying bacteria formed a microbial community in the soil microenvironment by producing extracellular macromolecular substances.

Free Research Field

微生物生態学