2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Why is there an illusion that punishment works? Experimental analysis from the perspective of relational learning
Project/Area Number |
26380993
|
Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
|
Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 一般 |
Research Field |
Experimental psychology
|
Research Institution | Kindai University (2019) Health Sciences University of Hokkaido (2014-2018) |
Principal Investigator |
|
Project Period (FY) |
2014-04-01 – 2020-03-31
|
Keywords | 罰 / 報酬 / 平均への回帰 / しつけ / 教育 / 行動分析 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Previous studies have revealed that punishing inappropriate behavior is not very effective to improve one's behavior.Nevertheless, in daily discipline and education, punishment such as scolding and corporal punishment are still frequently used.Behind this seemingly contradictory situation, it may be that people share a false belief that punishment is effective much more than it actually is. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of an illusion, or a false belief concerning punishment, through experimental method. As the result, it turned out that the illusion of the effectiveness punishment has much to do with a phenomenon of regression-to-the-mean, and similar illusion can be observed in the effect of reward as well.
|
Free Research Field |
学習心理学、実験心理学
|
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究は、これまで教育や行動分析の分野で扱われることがほとんどであった、罰の使用に関する問題を、「罰の使用」と「行動の改善」という二つの出来事の間で生じる関係性学習としてとらえるという新たな視点から、学習心理学の知見を用いて実験的に解き明かすものである。「なぜひとは罰を使うのか」という現実場面における身近かつ重大な疑問に対して、厳密な統制下で行われる心理学実験を応用し取り組む斬新な試みであるといえる。研究の結果、我々が罰の効果を誤りやすい状況や、そのような錯覚が生じるメカニズムの一部が明らかとなった。
|