Molecular mechanisms of neuronal migration during corticogenesis

2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26440129
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Developmental biology
• Research Institution: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
• Principal Investigator: OHTAKA-MARUYAMA Chiaki 公益財団法人東京都医学総合研究所, 脳発達・神経再生研究分野, 副参事研究員 (00281626)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2018-03-31
• Keywords: サブプレート / 大脳皮質 / 放射状神経細胞移動 / 放射状神経細胞移動 / 多極性ー双極性変換 / 脳進化

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Neocortex is developed only in mammals and contributes to the higher order brain functions such as cognition, learning and speaking. During corticogenesis, the newborn neurons migrate one after another from the ventricular zone toward the pial surface and the six-layer structure that billions of neurons are arranged elaboratively. The regulatory mechanisms of this process remain elusive. In this study, we found a novel mechanism of subplate neurons in this regulation. The subplate neurons are among the first born and matured neurons in the cortex. We revealed that the subplate neurons sent glutamate signals to multipolar neurons via synaptic transmission and promoted the morphological change of multipolar neurons into bipolar shape and lead to the faster migration mode called locomotion.

Free Research Field

神経発生学