Analysis of biological function regulated by membrane phospholipid diversity

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26460380
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: General medical chemistry
• Research Institution: National Center for Global Health and Medicine
• Principal Investigator: SHINDOU Hideo 国立研究開発法人国立国際医療研究センター, その他部局等, 副プロジェクト長 (10401027)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): HISHIKAWA Daisuke 国立国際医療研究センター, 上級研究員 (10569966) ; YOSHIDA Tomomi 国立国際医療研究センター, 上級研究員 (30610216) ; HARAYAMA Takeshi 国立国際医療研究センター, 研究員 (50610218) ; HISHIKAWA Yoshiko 国立国際医療研究センター, 脂質シグナリングプロジェクト, 研究員 (60436574) ; TARUI Megumi 国立国際医療研究センター, 研究員 (40727749)
• Research Collaborator: YANAGIDA Keisuke ; VALENTINE William ; TAKAHASHI Yoshikazu ; NAGATA Katsuyuki ; Eto Miki ; MORIMOTO Ryo ; AMEMIYA Ami ; TODORIKI Naruha ; ITO Hiroshi
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 生化学 / リン脂質 / 生体膜 / リゾリン脂質アシル転移酵素 / 脂質メディエーター

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Membrane glycerophospholipids are important not only as structural and functional components of cellular membranes, but also as precursors of various lipid mediators, such as platelet-activating factor (PAF). In this study, we reported three phospholipid functions. (i) Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) produced by lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) is important for respiratory function. (ii) Platelet-activating factor (PAF) by LPCAT2 exacerbated neuropathic pain. (iii) Arachidonic acid containing phospholipid by LPCAT3 were needed for triacylglycerol secretion. Molecular mechanism of LPCAT2 activation and screening of LPCAT2 inhibitor were also reported. Additionally, we established a new method to visualize lipid in cells.

Free Research Field

脂質生化学