Identification of neoantigens and development of a novel personalized lung cancer treatment targeting passenger mutations

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26462124
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Respiratory surgery
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Nagayama Kazuhiro 東京大学, 医学部附属病院, 助教 (00647935)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: 肺癌 / 遺伝子変異 / パッセンジャー変異 / neoantigen / 個別化医療 / 網羅的遺伝子解析 / エクソーム / トランスクリプトーム

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We developed algorithm to predict tumor specific antigens derive from somatic mutations, so called neoantigens, mostly from passenger mutations. We first identified somatic missense mutations in 6 primary lung cancer patients using multiple mutation-call softwares. Next, we added MHC binding prediction software and predicted candidate neoantigens in 15 lung cancer patients. Most of the predicted neoantigens derived from passenger mutations and were not shared among other patients. Finally, we combined transcriptome (RNAseq) data to exome-analysis pipeline to reduce false positives of expressed mutant mRNA. Thus, we developed efficient pipeline to target passenger mutation that could become candidate neoantigens using exome and RNAseq data.

Free Research Field

肺癌