Are microRNAs in Exosomes Involved in Alveolar Bone Loss in Periodontal Disease?

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26462853
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Pathobiological dentistry/Dental radiology
• Research Institution: Iwate Medical University
• Principal Investigator: KAGIYA Tadayoshi 岩手医科大学, 歯学部, 助教 (30405774)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: エクソソーム / microRNA / 細胞外小胞 / 破骨細胞 / 歯周病 / ナノ粒子 / バイオマーカー / リキッドバイオプシー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused by bacterial infection of tooth-supporting structures, which results in the destruction of alveolar bone. Exosomes are nano-sized particles, which contain microRNAs, mRNAs, proteins, and lipids. Recent studies have begun to uncover that exosomes play a role in cell-to-cell communication by the transfer of microRNAs to recipient cells. Focusing on alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease, this study aims at revealing functions of microRNAs in exosomes. TNF-α promoted the secretion of exosomes by macrophages, and it altered the expression profile of microRNAs in exosomes. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts abundantly secreted exosomes, which contain small RNAs.

Free Research Field

細胞生物学