Paleopathological genetic analysis to unveil national history of tuberculosis in Japan and its application to molecular epidemiology

2015 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26670332
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Hygiene and public health
• Research Institution: Nagasaki University
• Principal Investigator: WADA Takayuki 長崎大学, 熱帯医学研究所, 助教 (70332450)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): YOSHIDA Shiomi 独立行政法人国立病院機構(近畿中央胸部疾患センター臨床研究センター), 感染症研究部, 流動研究員 (40260806)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): KITAICHI Masanori 独立行政法人国立病院機構(近畿中央胸部疾患センター臨床研究センター), 臨床検査部, 臨床検査部長 (00161464) ; NAGAI Hideaki 独立行政法人国立病院機構(東京病院), 臨床研究部, 外来診療部長 (30510391) ; HEBISAWA Akira 独立行政法人国立病院機構(東京病院), 臨床研究部, 臨床研究部長 (70549146) ; ICHIKAWA Tomoo 長崎大学, 熱帯医学研究所, 助教 (30508875) ; MAEDA Shinji 公益財団法人結核予防会結核研究所, 抗酸菌情報科, 科長 (50250212)
• Research Collaborator: HANASHIMA Makoto 国立研究開発法人防災科学技術研究所, 主幹研究員
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Keywords: 分子疫学 / 感染症 / 古病理学 / 歴史学

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Clinical samples such as paraffin blocks for histopathological diagnosis of tuberculosis about several decades ago (1960s to 1970s) were challenged to purify DNA of the etiological agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Phylogenetic classification of these samples reveals that unique population genetic structure of M. tuberculosis in Japan has been already seen. A genetic group B2, which was considered to have spread for several hundred years from genomic comparative analysis, was also found frequently in the old samples. The DNA analysis techniques to target on mycobacterial DNA are applicable to clinical diagnosis for mycobacterial infection such as extra pulmonary tuberculosis and veterinary cases.

Free Research Field

分子疫学