Development of cancer specific glycosylation subtype biomarkers

2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 26710007
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)
• Allocation Type: Partial Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Tumor diagnostics
• Research Institution: Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (2015-2017); The University of Tokyo (2014)
• Principal Investigator: Ueda Koji 公益財団法人がん研究会, がんプレシジョン医療研究センター がんオーダーメイド医療開発プロジェクト, プロジェクトリーダー (10509110)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2018-03-31
• Keywords: 糖鎖 / バイオマーカー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To develop a specificity-enhanced tumor diagnostic system, we constructed a quantitative and sensitive glycan structure profiling technology based on mass spectrometry. Comprehensive glycoform analysis of 30 serum samples (15 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 15 prostate cancer, PSA = 4-10 ng/ml) revealed that, among 67 glycan structures, a couple of glycoforms on PSA had highly cancer-specific expressions patterns. Then we established a logistic regression-based diagnostics using expression frequencies of these structures (PSA G-index). Importantly, when we performed a blinded validation test using 15 BPH and 15 prostate cancer samples, PSA G-index allowed classification of all samples into correct clinical groups (sensitivity and specificity were 100%). Thus, PSA G-index could serve as a definitive secondary test for PSA test, leading to significant reduction of false positive diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Free Research Field

腫瘍診断学