2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Mast cells are crucial for induction of group 2 innate lymphoid cells and clearance of helminth infections
| Project/Area Number |
26870849
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Immunology
Parasitology (including sanitary zoology)
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| Research Institution | Gunma University (2015-2017)
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (2014) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2014-04-01 – 2018-03-31
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| Keywords | 肥満細胞 / 感染免疫 / 寄生虫 / 腸管免疫 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Mast cells are important for eradication of intestinal nematodes; however, their precise mechanisms of action have remained elusive. We found that Spi-B-deficient mice had increased numbers of mast cells and rapidly expelled the Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp). This was accompanied by induction of interleukin-13 (IL-13)-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) and goblet cell hyperplasia. Immediately after Hp infection, mast cells were rapidly activated to produce IL-33 in response to ATP released from apoptotic intestinal epithelial cells. In vivo inhibition of the P2X7 ATP receptor rendered the Spi-B-deficient mice susceptible to Hp, concomitant with elimination of mast cell activation and IL-13-producing ILC2 induction. These results uncover a previously unknown role for mast cells in innate immunity in that activation of mast cells by ATP orchestrates the development of a protective type 2 immune response, in part by producing IL-33, which contributes to ILC2 activation.
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| Free Research Field |
感染免疫学
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