1986 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Neuronal plasticity as investigated from a viewpoint of receptor research
| Project/Area Number |
59440038
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
内科学一般
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| Research Institution | HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
KITO Shozo Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 医学部, 教授 (00010140)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MATSUBAYASHI Hiroaki Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 医学部, 助手 (60165850)
SHIMOYAMA Masanori Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 医学部附属病院, 助手 (60136067)
INAGAKI Shinobu Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 医学部, 講師 (90151571)
YAMAMURA Yasuhiro Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 医学部附属病院, 講師 (10106388)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1984 – 1986
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| Keywords | Neurotransmitter receptors / Autoradiography / Autopsied human brains of neurodegenerative disorders / Ontogeny / Radioreceptor assay / 神経可塑性 |
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| Research Abstract |
These days, coexistence of two or three neurotransmitters within one neuron has been advocated. More recently, it has been pointed out that patterns of such coexistence may change depending on enviromental conditions of neurons and one particular cell can switch its producing neurotransmitter from one to another in the course of ontogeny. Clinically, to study the potential plasticity of neurons is one of key points to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms of various neurodegenerative disorders. We investigated the ontogenic process of neurotransmitter receptors and receptor changes in degenerative diseases, and tried to analyse plasticity mechanisms by comparing these results. Ontogenic studies were performed on substance P receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Substance P receptors in the rat brain came to appear in the late embryonic stage as observed in other neuropeptide receptors. Nevertheless, this was not the case wit
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h the developmental course of the intramembranous signalling system of substance P receptors. As for mAChR, the ontogenic course of each subtype of M1 and M2 was observed by means of in vitro autoradiography and it was noticed that these two subtype receptors differentiated independently. Ontogeny of CGRP immunoreactivity in the lower brainstem was immunohistochemically studied and CGRP positive input nerve fibers from peripheral sensory systems developed early, while those from central auditory and visual systems came to be observed much later. Ontogeny of CGRP receptors is under investigation. Earlier in the ontogeny, more plasticity in degenerative course can be assumed. As for receptor changes in degenerative conditions, studies were done in cases of human Parkinson's disease, MPTP-induced monkey parkinsonism, human spinocerebellar degeneration, rolling mouse Nagoya and Alzheimer's disease. Receptors of various neurotransmitters were studied in relation with density and distribution in the brain in parallel with time course of these pathological conditions and these results were compared to changes of neurotransmitters and conventional neuropathological findings. Less
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