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1987 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Biochemical analysis of cell architectonics in normal and diseased brain - Quantitative analysis at the single cell level -

Research Project

Project/Area Number 60480259
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Psychiatric science
Research InstitutionUniversity of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

KATO Takahiko  University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine, 医学部, 助教授 (80010023)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) YAMAGUCHI Kazutyoshi  University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine, 医学部, 助教授 (10009988)
Project Period (FY) 1985 – 1987
KeywordsSpinal motor neurons / Purkinje cells / Amacrine cells / Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / Cerebellar layers / Retinal degeneration / Choline acetyltransferase / Glutamate decarboxylase
Research Abstract

Freeze-dried sections of CNS tissues were prepared from control patients with non-neurological disease and patients with neurological diseases. Single neurons, as shown below, were isolated and microsamples of cerebellar layers and caudate nucleus were dissected out from these sections. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activities and <gamma>-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration were assayed in these samples. GAD and GABA were analyzed in the retinas. from retinal-degeneration mice. (1) ALS motor neurons degenerate due to unknown etiology and atrophy to disappear at the far advanced stage. Many large cell bodies of motor neurons remained in the anterior horn of spinal cord section from non-advenced cases but a few atrophied and fragile cell bodies were detected with advanced cases. ChAT activity was far lower in the remaining large cell bodies than in control cell bodies. The activity became higher in the atrophied cell bodies with progress of patholo … More gical process. It was speculated that ChAT was produced much more in the atrophied cell bodies which supply ChAT to the many axon terminals sprouting to compensate innervation loss o fmuscle caused by cell degeneration. (2) Spinal motor neurons, a typical cholinergic neuron, contained GAD in animals and GABA was thought to be a kind of trophic factor to maintain the cell function and synaptic contact with muscle. Control numan motor neurons contain very low GAD activity. No change was observable in GAD activity of ALS motor neurons. (3) Human Purkinje cells from cerebellum had GAD activity much lower than those from rabbit and rat. Compared with animal samples, the activities were also lower in human caudate nucleus and in the molecular and granular layers from human cerebellum. These suggest that transmittersynthesyzing activity of human neuron is generally lower than that of animal neurons. (4) GABAergic amacrine cells of degenerating retinas contained markedly high levels of GAD activity and GABE concentration, compared with those in normal retina. GABA was thought to play a role as a trophic factor in response to degeneration process. Less

  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All Other

All Publications (14 results)

  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato: Journal of Neurochemistry. 44. 675-679 (1985)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yoshiya L. Murashima: Journal of Neurochemistry. 45. 732-738 (1985)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yoshiya L. Murashima: Journal of Neurochemistry. 46. 166-172 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato: Cell Structure and Function. 11. 387 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato: Neurochemical Research. 12. 529-535 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato: Submitted to Journal of Neurological Science.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato;ets. Tsubaki, T.;Yase, Y.: "Cholinergic and GABAergic systems in ALS motor neurons" Elsevier, Amsterdam, 125-130 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 加藤尚彦, 杉田秀夫, 宮武正, 金沢一郎編: "ニューロンと軸索・「神経機能と病態」" 中外医学社, 1-28 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko,Kato: "Choline acetyltransferase activities in single motor neurons from vertebrate spinal cords" Journal of Neurochemistry. 44. 675-679 (1985)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yohiya L. Murashima: "Glutamate decarboxylase activities in single vertebrate neurons" Journal of Neurochemistry. 45. 1985 732-738

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yoshiya L. Murashima: "Destribution of <gamma>-aminobutyric acid and glutamate decarboxylase in the layers of rat oviduct" Journal of Neurochemistry. 46. 166-172 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato: "GABA concentration and GAD activity levels in normal and degenerated retinas from mice" Neurochemical Research. 12. 529-535 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato: "Choline acetyltransferase activities in single spinal motor neurons from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takahiko Kato: Elsevier Amsterdam. Cholinergic and GABAergic systems in ALS motor neurons. In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (eds. Tsubaki,T. and Yase,Y.), 125-130 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1989-03-30  

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