1987 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
The effects of central and pheripheral inputs on jaw and tongue movements
| Project/Area Number |
61480390
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Functional basic dentistry
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| Research Institution | Tokushima University |
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Principal Investigator |
TAKATA Mitsuru Professor, Tokushima University, School of Dentistry, 歯学部, 教授 (40028725)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NAGAHAMA Tatsumi Research Assistant, Tokushima University, School of Dentistry, 歯学部, 助手 (70145001)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1986 – 1987
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| Keywords | 運動ニューロン / シナプス後電位 / シナプス前抑制 / 嚥下 |
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| Research Abstract |
A stereotyped series of postsynaptic potentials evoked in cat hypoglossal motoneurons by sti,ulation of the cerebral cortex (Cx) and pheripheral nerves were studied. A single shock delivered to the Cx, the inferior alveolar nerve or the lingual nerve elictits a stereotyped series of postsynaptic potentials. These include : (1) an EPSP ; (2) a subsequent short-lasting IPSP which is blocked by strychnine administration. This IPSP was reversed to a depolarizing potential by displacing the membrane potential toward hyperpolarization and by increasing the intracellular concentration of chloride ions; (3) a GABA-IPSP which is blocked by picrotoxin administration. This IPSP was sensitive to membrane polarization and was dependent on a conductance increase; (4) a long duration hyperpolarizing potential which is enhanced by the injection of picrotoxin and insensitive to membrane polarization. In addition, lingually induced EPSPs and spikes were effectively suppressed by cortical stimulation. Hereas, a conditioning stimulus of the lingual nerve suppressed only a long-latency EPSP evoked by a test stimulus of the Cx, while a short-latency EPSP was unaffected. In Aplysia kurodai buccal ganglia, we have demonstrated that swallowing movements were induced by a pair of motoneurons innervating the posterior pharynx muscle.
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