1987 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Effects of category on cognition and memory
| Project/Area Number |
61510070
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Psychology
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| Research Institution | Toyo Women's College |
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Principal Investigator |
MIZUNO Setsuko Toyo Women's College, 助教授 (50141247)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1986 – 1987
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| Keywords | category / cognition / memory / information / processing / feature / geometric / figure / subgroup / natural / category / typicality / noun |
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| Research Abstract |
Cognition and memory are not separate functions and they have close relationship each other. Then low to perceive figure or word has a great influence upon how to memorize them. As cognition and memoty are both important stages in human information processing,the relationships getween them should de systematically incestigated.
Non-verbal information,especially features in geometric figure was investigated in the 61 academic year. A set of figures which consists of four features and three values were presentend on the display. Subjects were told to remember the one feature precisely in the experimental conditions. They were told nothing in the control condition. It is verified through the comparison between above two conditions that cognition and memory of figures should be analyzed by subgrops,for example features. The change of memory is observed when a certain feature is emphasized and cognition is controlled. Complicatedness or dificulty of figures is mainly defined by the number of features. These results indicate that the figure information is classified by feature and they have a great influence upon cognition and memory.
Verbal intormation,especially natural category and typicality was investigated in the 62 academic year. Nouns which were judged to belong to 8 each category were ferrly recalled to study the characteristics of natural category. And about 30 nouns in a category were scaled into 7 points. Then size of category and typicality of nouns were compared each other. Typicality,numbers of categoru and secantic relation between noun and category were controlled in the experimental condition,and retention was measured by the method of recall and recognition. The retention decreases with the increase of numbers of category. These results suggest that the wtructurization by the category contributes much to the increase of retention.
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