1989 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Studies with tree fruit crops on shortening breeding year in use of bio-scientific techniques
| Project/Area Number |
61560041
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
園芸・造園学
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| Research Institution | Osaka Prefecture University |
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Principal Investigator |
YUDA Eiji Professor, College of Agriculture, University of Osaka Pref., 農学部, 教授 (20081482)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HORIUCHI Shosaku Associate Professor, College of Agri., Univ. of Osaka Pref., 農学部, 助教授
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| Project Period (FY) |
1986 – 1988
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| Keywords | juvenile / C / N ratio / flowering induction / leaf protein / Citrus unshiu / dormancy / grapes / endosperm / 'Kyoho' / 'Delaware' |
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| Research Abstract |
Different from other crops, the period of juvenile phase is much longer in tree fruit crops. This is the reason why their breeding has not been making a rapid development. To shorten the length of their juvenile phase will lead to shortening of their breeding years.
However, this length greatly differs by their kinds. In our experiments, therefore, citrus kinds as representatives having longer periods of juvenile phase and grapes as those having shorter periods of the phase have been used.
As the results, There was no clear relation between the leaves of tree expected to induce flower buds in the following year those of tree not expected to do them in respect to C/N ratio proposed by Kraus-Kraybill who had demonstrated strong relation between C/N ratio and flowering induction. However, we were able to observe an interesting difference in a certain band of leaf proteins when determined by the equipment of electro-phoresis between them. The band appeared in a position equivalent to standard protein having molecular weight of 500 kilodaltons was much more clear for the leaves sampled in September and expected to induce flower buds in the following spring than similar leaf samples not expected to induce the buds. GA had such an action to change flower buds of Citrus unshiu into vegetative ones. In this case, the special protein band described above became lighter.
Grape seeds and embryos once go into dormancy, they never break dormancy naturally for sometime. Therefore, it will be one of a good tools to shorten breeding years of grapes if the mean to freely break dormancy is found. We have demonstrated that the substance(s) in their endosperm might be related to this mechanism.
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