1987 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Studies on New World leishmaniasis and its transmission
| Project/Area Number |
62043055
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 調査総括 |
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| Research Institution | Kochi Medical School |
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Principal Investigator |
HASHIGUCHI Yoshihisa Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Dochi, Japan, 医学部, 助教授 (10037385)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
A ゴメス エクアドル国熱帯医学研究所, 主任研究員
V.V コロネル エクアドル国熱帯医学研究所, 部長
MIMORI Tatsuyuki Department of Parasitic Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamo, 医学部, 講師 (00117384)
KAWABATA Masato Department of Clinical Pathology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Ja, 医学部, 講師 (30175294)
FURUYA Masato Institute for Laboratoey Animals, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan, 医学部, 助教授 (00035437)
VICENTA Vera de Coronel Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto Nacional de Higiene y Medicina Tropical
GOMEZ L. Eduardo A. Departanmento de Parasitologia, Instituto Narional de Higiene y Medicina Tropica
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| Project Period (FY) |
1986 – 1987
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| Keywords | Leishmaniasis / sandflies / reservoirs / Leishmania isolates / Transmission / Epidemiological surveys / Skin test / ELISA |
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| Research Abstract |
In order to elucidate epidemiological features of leishmaniasis in Centeal and South Americas, field studies on several aspects of the disease were performed mainly in ecuador. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. According to the articles published in Ecuador to date, there may be three or foue clinical forms of the disease, cuta- neous cases (ca. 93% of total), mucocutaneous (6 or 7%), and visceral and diffuse cutaneous ones. The majority of cases reported was from the Pacific coast, followed by the Amazon. A few cases were also observed in the Andean highland or the mid-Andes.
2. We have isolated eight Leishmania stocks, five from humans and three from wild mammals. Identifications based on results of serodeme typing using monoclonal antibodies revealed that three of the five from humans areL. braziliensis panamensis and all three from wild mammals are L. mexicana amazoninsis. Some stocks from humans and mammals require further investigation until theyare fully character
… More
ized.
3. With regard to the vector and reservoir, one species of Lutzomyia, gomezi, and one mammalian species, Tamandua tetradac tyla, were newly implicated, in addition to species recorded already in Ecuador.
5. The skin test and ELISA used in this study were highly sensitive and specific for cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms. These diagnostic tools could be very useful in screening of thedisease in epidemiological surveys.
6. Andean Leishmaniasis (uta) in Ecuador was first described from the mid-andes (2,300-2,500 m above sea level). The suspected vector is Lutzomyia petuenses. Bacterial flora was isolated from highland and lowland leishmanial ulcers and examined thoroughly, in relation to evolution of leishmanial ulcers.
Thus, most of the findings presented here can be considered as preliminary results of the investigation. Based on these basic data obtained, we hope to further elucidate the epidemiological features of leishmaniasis in the new World, with particular reference to Ecuador, in future field research. Less
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