1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

熱水溶液と固相間の化学反応及び同位体交換反応のカイネティクス

Research Project

Project/Area Number	63420019
Research Institution	Tohoku University
Principal Investigator	大本洋東北大学, 理学研究科, 教授 (60194304)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	砂川一郎東北大学, 名誉教授 (20004426) 青木謙一郎東北大学, 理学部, 教授 (00004276) 林謙一郎東北大学, 理学部, 助手 (40124614) 北風嵐東北大学, 理学部, 助手 (90035064) 塚本勝男東北大学, 理学部, 助手 (60125614)
Keywords	熱水溶液 / 化学反応 / 同位体交換反応 / カイネティックス / 反応速度 / 溶解度
Research Abstract	本研究の主要目的は,(イ)固相の溶解度と固相ー溶液間の化学反応速度の測定のために新しい実験方法を開発し,(ロ)その方法を応用し,主要鉱物と熱水溶液の反応の基礎デ-タ(溶解度及び溶解速度等)を求め,(ハ)さらにその資料を応用し,主要鉱床の生成プロセスの解明すなわち有用元素の集散を支配する法則を確立することである。このために本年度は次のような研究を行った。1.本研究で開発した高温高圧熱水反応その場観察装置により,25〜200℃間で重晶石の溶解度を精密測定し,さらに溶解速度が溶液組成に伴いどの様に変化するかというカイネティクスのデ-タを得た。2.試作の高温高圧セルを用い,分光学的手法によりPbS(方鉛鉱)と共存するNaCl水溶液中の鉛溶存種と濃度を25°-350℃の温度範囲で可視光領域の吸収から測定した。3.昨年度に引き続き,硫黄の加水分解反応により溶液中のH_2S及びO_2がスフュガシティ-,PHがコントロ-ルされることを利用し,NaCl溶液中で金及び黄鉄鉱の溶解度を250°-350℃間で求めた。溶解度デ-タより,金ー硫化物錯体及び鉄ー塩化物錯体の安定度定数を上記温度範囲で決定した。これらの値を用いることにより,天然の熱水鉱床において金及び鉄鉱物の沈澱機構を正確に議論することが可能となった。4.上記硫黄加水分解反応の生成物であるH_2S及びSO^<2->_4ペアの硫黄同位体比を測定することにより,高温熱水溶液中における溶存種間の酸化還元反応及び同位体交換反応のカイネティックスについての情報を得た。5.研究を総括した。本研究で得られた成果は,地殻及び水圏における元素の集散を支配する方則を確立するための重要な貢献である。

Research Products
(15 results)

All Other

All Publications (15 results)

[Publications] Ohmoto,H.and Poulson,S.R.: "An evaluation of the solubility of sulfideーsulfur in silicate melt from experimental data and natural samples." Chemical Geology. 85. 57-75 (1990)
[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Haruna,M.and Ueno,H.: "Development of skarnーtype ores at the Tengumori copper deposit of the Kamaishi mine,Iwate Prefecture,Northeastern Japan." Mining Geology. 40. 223-244 (1990)
[Publications] Ohmoto,H.and Chu,Xueーlei: "Kinetics of isotope exchange reactions involving intraーand interーmolecular reactions:part I:" Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 55. (1991)
[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Hayashi,K.,Tsukamoto,K.,Kitakaze,A.: "In situ observation of solutionーsolid reactions:application to solubility and kinetic studies." Nature.
[Publications] Kitakaze,A.and Ohmoto,H.: "Spectroscopic study of solubility of galena in aqueous solutions at T=25°-350℃." Geochemical Journal.
[Publications] Hayashi,K.and Ohmoto,H.: "Solubility of gold in NaCl and H_2S bearing aqueous solutions at 250°-350℃." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 55. (1991)
[Publications] Hayashi,K.,Kitakaze,A.and Sugaki,A.: "Sphalerite solubilities in NaHSーNaClーH_2S aqueous solutions at temperatures between 100to240℃." Geochemical Journal. 24. 123-132 (1990)
[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.,Onuma,K.and Sunagawa,I.: "Role of Bouyancy driven convection in aqueous solution growth:a case study of Ba(NO_3)_2" Journal of Crystal Growth. 89. 177-188 (1988)
[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.,Onuma,K.and Sunagawa,I.: "Effect of Bouyancy driven convection upon the surface microtopographys of Ba(NO_3)_2 and CdI_2 crystals." Journal of Crystal Growth. 98. 384-390 (1989)
[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.,Onuma,K.and Sunagawa,I.: "Growth kinetics of Kーalum crystals in relation to the surface supersaturations." Journal of Crystal Growth. 100. 125-132 (1990)
[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.: "In situ observations of crystal growth processes." European Symposium on Materials and Fluid Science in Microgravity. 561-563 (1990)
[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.: "In situ direct observation of crystal surface and its surroundings.In Morphology and Growth Unit of Crystals" テラ学術出版, 125-132 (1990)
[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Kaiser,C.J.and Geer,K.A.: "Systematics of sulphur isotopes in recent marine sediments and ancient sedimenthosted basemetal deposits.In Stable Isotopes and Fluid Processes in Mineralization" The Univ.Western Australia Publication, 70-120 (1990)
[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.: "In situ direct observation of crystal surface and its surroundings.In Morphology and Growth Unit of Crystals" テラ学術出版, 125-132 (1990)
[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Kaiser,C.J.and Geer,K.A.: "Systematics of sulphur isotopes in recent marine sediments and ancient sedimenthosted basemetal deposits.In Stable Isotopes and Fluid Processes in Mineralization" The Univ.Western Australia Publication, 70-120 (1990)

1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

熱水溶液と固相間の化学反応及び同位体交換反応のカイネティクス

Principal Investigator

大本 洋 東北大学, 理学研究科, 教授 (60194304)

Research Products

[Publications] Ohmoto,H.and Poulson,S.R.: "An evaluation of the solubility of sulfideーsulfur in silicate melt from experimental data and natural samples." Chemical Geology. 85. 57-75 (1990)

[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Haruna,M.and Ueno,H.: "Development of skarnーtype ores at the Tengumori copper deposit of the Kamaishi mine,Iwate Prefecture,Northeastern Japan." Mining Geology. 40. 223-244 (1990)

[Publications] Ohmoto,H.and Chu,Xueーlei: "Kinetics of isotope exchange reactions involving intraーand interーmolecular reactions:part I:" Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 55. (1991)

[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Hayashi,K.,Tsukamoto,K.,Kitakaze,A.: "In situ observation of solutionーsolid reactions:application to solubility and kinetic studies." Nature.

[Publications] Kitakaze,A.and Ohmoto,H.: "Spectroscopic study of solubility of galena in aqueous solutions at T=25°-350℃." Geochemical Journal.

[Publications] Hayashi,K.and Ohmoto,H.: "Solubility of gold in NaCl and H_2S bearing aqueous solutions at 250°-350℃." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 55. (1991)

[Publications] Hayashi,K.,Kitakaze,A.and Sugaki,A.: "Sphalerite solubilities in NaHSーNaClーH_2S aqueous solutions at temperatures between 100to240℃." Geochemical Journal. 24. 123-132 (1990)

[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.,Onuma,K.and Sunagawa,I.: "Role of Bouyancy driven convection in aqueous solution growth:a case study of Ba(NO_3)_2" Journal of Crystal Growth. 89. 177-188 (1988)

[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.,Onuma,K.and Sunagawa,I.: "Effect of Bouyancy driven convection upon the surface microtopographys of Ba(NO_3)_2 and CdI_2 crystals." Journal of Crystal Growth. 98. 384-390 (1989)

[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.,Onuma,K.and Sunagawa,I.: "Growth kinetics of Kーalum crystals in relation to the surface supersaturations." Journal of Crystal Growth. 100. 125-132 (1990)

[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.: "In situ observations of crystal growth processes." European Symposium on Materials and Fluid Science in Microgravity. 561-563 (1990)

[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.: "In situ direct observation of crystal surface and its surroundings.In Morphology and Growth Unit of Crystals" テラ学術出版, 125-132 (1990)

[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Kaiser,C.J.and Geer,K.A.: "Systematics of sulphur isotopes in recent marine sediments and ancient sedimenthosted basemetal deposits.In Stable Isotopes and Fluid Processes in Mineralization" The Univ.Western Australia Publication, 70-120 (1990)

[Publications] Tsukamoto,K.: "In situ direct observation of crystal surface and its surroundings.In Morphology and Growth Unit of Crystals" テラ学術出版, 125-132 (1990)

[Publications] Ohmoto,H.,Kaiser,C.J.and Geer,K.A.: "Systematics of sulphur isotopes in recent marine sediments and ancient sedimenthosted basemetal deposits.In Stable Isotopes and Fluid Processes in Mineralization" The Univ.Western Australia Publication, 70-120 (1990)

大本洋東北大学, 理学研究科, 教授 (60194304)