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1989 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Internal Gravity Waves as the Background Disturbance in the Earth's Atmosphere

Research Project

Project/Area Number 63460047
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Space and upper atmospheric physics
Research InstitutionKYOTO UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

FUKAO Shoichiro  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Professor, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SATO Toru  Kyoto Univ./Dept.Eng.,Lecturer, 工学部・電気工学第二教室, 講師 (60162450)
YAMAMOTO Mamoru  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Instructor, 超高層電波研究センター, 助手 (20210560)
YAMANAKA Manabu  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Lecturer, 超高層電波研究センター, 講師 (30183982)
TSUDA Toshitaka  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Assoc.Prof., 超高層電波研究センター, 助教授 (30115886)
KATO Susumu  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Professor, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (10025827)
Project Period (FY) 1988 – 1989
KeywordsMiddle atmosphere / Internal gravity waves / MST radar observations / Wave-mean flow interaction / Spectral analysis / Momentum flux / Radiosonde observations / Vertical stratification
Research Abstract

Continuous observations on the middle-atmosphere dynamics by the MU radar of Kyoto University since the MAP (Middle Atmosphere Program; 1982-85) period lead to a hypothesis that the earth's atmosphere is fulfilled by the internal gravity waves re-distributing momentum. This study is to verify this hypothesis quantitatively.
In the first fiscal year (1988), we carried out (1) vertical-wavenumber and frequency spectral analyses of the middle-atmospheric wind disturbances based on the MU radar observations; (2) confirmation of the saturation and breaking of the internal gravity waves by the MU radar observations; and (3) observations and analyses of temperature fluctuations by radiosondes. These studies have provided us some clear evidences of gravity-wave saturation and breaking such as an amplitude modification and a selective transmission. In the final fiscal year (1989), we made (4) climatological analyses of vertical-wavenumber spectrum, momentum flux, vertical group velocity and turbulence intensity; and (5) a preliminary modeling of activities of internal gravity wave and breaking turbulence.
Now we can conclude that
(i) the internal gravity waves near Japan have vertical wavelengths shorter/longer than the deilsity scale height in the stratosphere/mesosphere;
(ii) they seem most active in winter/summer in the stratosphere/mesosphere;
(iii) the global distribution of the internal gravity waves has a striking vertical dependence and weak meridional and time dependences; and
(iv) the generation of those waves cannot be explained by a unique source such as surface orography and tropospheric cyclones.
Much more observations are necessary in particular for thermospheric and equatorial regions in order to extend the results of this study.

  • Research Products

    (36 results)

All Other

All Publications (36 results)

  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: "VHF Doppler radar determination of the momentum flux in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere:Comparison between the three-and four-beam methods" Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 5. 57-69 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: "Three-dimensional air motions over the Baiu front observed by a VHF-band Doppler radar:A case study" Monthly Weather Review. 116. 281-292 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamamoto,M.: "Interpretation of the structure of mesospheric turbulence layers in terms of inertia gravity waves" Physica Scripta. 37. 645-650 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Long period wind oscillations observed by the Kyoto meteor radar and comparison of the quasi-2 day wave with Adelaide HF radar observations" Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 50. 225-230 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Fritts,D.C.: "Observational evidence of a saturated gravity wave spectrum in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 45. 1741-1759 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Characteristics of semidiurnal tides obserbed by the Kyoto meteor radar and Saskatoon Medium-Frequency radar" Journal of Geophysical Research. 93. 7027-7036 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Simultaneous observations of reflection echoes and refractive index gradient in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" Radio Science. 23. 655-665 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Diurnal non-migrating tides excited by a differential heating due to landsea distribution" Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. 67. 43-55 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: "Wind fluctuations near a cold vortex-tropopause funnel system observed by the MU radar" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 463-479 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Internal gravity wave selection in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar:Preliminary results" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 481-495 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "High time resolution monitoring of tropospheric temperature with a Radio Acoustic Sounding System(RASS)" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 497-507 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamamoto,M.: "Full-correlation analysis of turbulent scattering layers in the mesosphere observed by the MU radar" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 605-616 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kato,S.: "Non-migrating tides" Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 51. 673-682 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "MST radar observations of a saturated gravity wave spectrum" Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 46. 2440-2447 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Sato,T.: "Ionospheric incoherent scatter measurements with the MU radar:Techniques and Capability" Radio Science. 24. 85-98 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Sato,T.: "Multi-beam pattern measurement of the MU radar antenna by satellite Ohzora" Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity. 41. 743-751 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Picture of the global field of“quasi-monochromatic"gravity waves observed by stratospheric balloons and MST radars" Advances in Space Research(in press). (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "A perspective of middle-atmosphere dynamics(MAD)studies at the new international equatorial observatory(NIEO)" Advances in Space Research(in press). (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Fukao, S.: "VHF Doppler radar determination of the momentum flux in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: Comparison between the three- and four-beam methods" J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. 5,57-69,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Fukao, S.: "Three-dimensional air motions over the Baiu front observed by a VHF-band Doppler radar: A case study" Mon. Wea. Rev. 116,281-292,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamamoto, M.: "Interpretation of the structure of mesospheric turbulence layers in terms of inertia gravity waves" Physica Scripta 37,645-650,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Long period wind oscillations observed by the Kyoto meteor radar and comparison of the quasi-2 day wave with Adelaide HF radar observations" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 50,225-230,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Fritts, D. C.: "Observational evidence of a saturated gravity wave spectrum in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" J. Atmos. Sci. 45,1741-1759,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Characteristics of semidiurnal tides observed by the Kyoto meteor radar and Saskatoon Medium-Frequency radar" J. Geophys. Res. 93,7027-7036,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Simultaneous observations of reflection echoes and refractive index gradient in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" Radio Sci. 23,655-665,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Diurnal non-migrating tides excited by a differential heating due to land-sea distribution" J. Meteor. Soc. Japan 67,43-55,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Fukao, S.: "Wind fluctuations near a cold vortex-tropopause funnel system observed by the MU radar" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,463-479,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamanaka, M. D.: "Internal gravity wave selection in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar: Preliminary results" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,481-495,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "High time resolution monitoring of tropospheric temperature with a Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS)" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,497-507,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamamoto, M.: "Full-correlation analysis of turbulent scattering layers in the mesosphere observed by the MU radar" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,605-616,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kato, S.: "Non-migrating tides" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 51,673-682,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "MST radar observations of a saturated gravity wave spectrum" J. Atmos. Sci. 46,2440-2447,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Sato, T.: "Ionospheric incoherent scatter measurements with the MU radar: Techniques and Capability" Radio Sci. 24,85-98,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Sato, T.: "Multi-beam pattern measurement of the MU radar antenna by satellite Ohzora" J. Geomag. Geoelectr. 41,743-751,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamanaka, M. D.: "Picture of the global field of "quasi-monochromatic" gravity waves observed by stratospheric balloons and MST radars" Adv. Space Res. 1990.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamanaka, M. D.: "A perspective of middle-atmosphere dynamics (MAD) studies at the new international equatorial observatory (NIEO)" Adv. Space Res. 1990.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1993-03-26  

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