新しい小惑星試料の分析研究基盤の確立

2018 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project Area: Aqua planetology
• Project/Area Number: 18H04468
• Research Institution: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: 伊藤 元雄 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 高知コア研究所, グループリーダー代理 (40606109)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 大気非曝露ナノ領域試料加工・分析システム

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

「はやぶさ２」探査機が持ち帰る小惑星リュウグウからの試料は無水・含水鉱物と有機物の混合物と考えられ、始原的隕石のうち炭素質コンドライトとの関連が示唆されている。炭素質コンドライトに含まれる物質は、鉱物粒子と有機物が、微小・微細な組織として複雑に共存するため、物質科学的情報を正確に取り出す事は容易ではない。そのためナノ領域における新しい分析・試料加工システムが必要とされる。含まれる有機物や鉱物は微量である上に地球物質の汚染があるため、微小な地球外物質の測定データの解釈は未だ困難であり、起源や生成・進化の過程には未知の部分が多い。リュウグウ試料の分析対象の地球外有機物や水は、試料作成、研究機関間・分析機器間の試料搬送、そして分析時に大気を始めとする地球由来物質の汚染を多大に受ける。従って、試料の準備から分析に至るプロセスにおいて汚染を防ぐ機構を開発する事で、試料のもつオリジナルの情報を取り出す高精度分析が初めて可能となる。しかし大気非曝露下で観察、試料加工から分析までを可能とする分析機器と試料搬送機構の開発は進んでいない。
そこで、大気非曝露環境下での分析機器・研究機関間の極微小量の試料の搬送とナノ領域における試料加工・分析を統合した「大気非曝露ナノ領域試料加工・分析システム」を開発・適用することで、分析における諸問題を解決し、初期太陽系における生命や物質の起源と進化過程を解明する。
本年度は、Spring-8、分子研UVSORと連携して、南極微隕石をはやぶさ２模擬試料とし、非破壊分析から破壊分析に至るまでのテスト測定を実施した。特に、CTによる三次元構造の可視化、FIBによる特徴的な部位からのサンプル作成、そして走査型X戦顕微鏡（STXM-XANES）による有機物分析とNanoSIMSによる軽元素同位体組成分布、さらにはTEMを活用した鉱物学的分析を一つの試料に対して行った。

Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

他機関との連携による非破壊（CTやSTXM-XANES）から破壊分析（質量分析と結晶構造解析）に至るまでのリンケージ分析を南極微隕石に適用し、そこから有意な分析データを取得したため。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

2019年度は、確立したリンケージ分析に大気非曝露システムをアドオンすることで、はやぶさ２試料分析に向けた基礎研究を実施し、世界唯一の惑星物質に対しての大気非曝露ナノ領域試料加工・分析システムを開発する。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Origin of the metamorphosed clasts in the CV 3 carbonaceous chondrite breccias of Graves Nunataks 06101, Vigarano, Roberts Massif 04143, and Yamato‐86009 (2019)
  • Author(s): Jogo Kaori、Ito Motoo、Wakita Shigeru、Kobayashi Sachio、Lee Jong Ik
  • Journal Title: Meteoritics & Planetary Science Volume: 54 Pages: 1133～1152
  • DOI: 10.1111/maps.13272
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Microbial Metabolism and Community Dynamics in Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids Recovered From Deep Hydrocarbon-Rich Shale (2019)
  • Author(s): Morono Yuki、Wishart Jessie R.、Ito Motoo、Ijiri Akira、Hoshino Tatsuhiko、Torres Marta、Verba Circe、Terada Takeshi、Inagaki Fumio、Colwell Frederick S.
  • Journal Title: Frontiers in Microbiology Volume: 10 Pages: 1-14
  • DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00376
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A novel organic-rich meteoritic clast from the outer solar system (2019)
  • Author(s): Kebukawa Yoko、Ito Motoo、Zolensky Michael E.、Greenwood Richard C.、Rahman Zia、Suga Hiroki、Nakato Aiko、Chan Queenie H. S.、Fries Marc、Takeichi Yasuo、Takahashi Yoshio、Mase Kazuhiko、Kobayashi Kensei
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 9 Pages: 3169
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39357-1
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Identification of organic molecules with a laboratory prototype based on the Laser Ablation-CosmOrbitrap (2019)
  • Author(s): Selliez L.、Briois C.、Carrasco N.、Thirkell L.、Thissen R.、Ito M.、Orthous-Daunay F.-R.、Chalumeau G.、Colin F.、Cottin H.、Engrand C.、Flandinet L.、Fray N.、Gaubicher B.、Grand N.、Lebreton J.-P.、Makarov A.、Ruocco S.、Szopa C.、Vuitton V.、Zapf P.
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 170 Pages: 42～51
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2019.03.003
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] GaN Schottky barrier diodes with nickel nitride anodes sputtered at different nitrogen partial pressure (2019)
  • Author(s): Li Xiaobo、Pu Taofei、Taiki Hoshi、Zhang Tong、Xie Tian、Luke Fujiwara Shigeki Joseph、Kitahata Hiroshi、Li Liuan、Kobayashi Sachio、Ito Motoo、Li Xianjie、Ao Jin-Ping
  • Journal Title: Vacuum Volume: 162 Pages: 72～77
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.01.030
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Tiny droplets of ocean island basalts unveil Earth’s deep chlorine cycle (2019)
  • Author(s): Hanyu Takeshi、Shimizu Kenji、Ushikubo Takayuki、Kimura Jun-Ichi、Chang Qing、Hamada Morihisa、Ito Motoo、Iwamori Hikaru、Ishikawa Tsuyoshi
  • Journal Title: Nature Communications Volume: 10 Pages: 60
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07955-8
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Further characterization of carbonaceous materials in Hayabusa-returned samples to understand their origin (2019)
  • Author(s): Uesugi Masayuki、Ito Motoo、Yabuta Hikaru、Naraoka Hiroshi、Kitajima Fumio、Takano Yoshinori、Mita Hajime、Kebukawa Yoko、Nakato Aiko、Karouji Yuzuru
  • Journal Title: Meteoritics & Planetary Science Volume: 54 Pages: 638～666
  • DOI: 10.1111/maps.13236
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] STXM-XANES analyses of Murchison meteorite samples captured by aerogel after hypervelocity impacts: A potential implication of organic matter degradation for micrometeoroid collection experiments (2019)
  • Author(s): Kebukawa Yoko、Okudaira Kyoko、Yabuta Hikaru、Hasegawa Sunao、Tabata Makoto、Furukawa Yoshihiro、Ito Motoo、Nakato Aiko、Kilcoyne A. L. David、Kobayashi Kensei、Yokobori Shin-ichi、Imai Eiichi、Kawaguchi Yuko、Yano Hajime、Yamagishi Akihiko
  • Journal Title: GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL Volume: 53 Pages: 53～67
  • DOI: 10.2343/geochemj.2.0549
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Search for evidences of the extraterrestrial water in direct samples from the S-type asteroid “Ryugu” (2019)
  • Author(s): Ito M
  • Organizer: The 1st International Workshop for Aquaplanetology
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] SEARCH FOR THE MARTIAN CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS IN THE NORTHWEST AFRICA 7034 (2019)
  • Author(s): H. Suga, M. Miyahara, M. Ito, Y. Takeichi, H. Yabuta, A. Yamaguchi, Y. Takahashi, E. Ohtani
  • Organizer: 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] OKEANOS- A Solar Power Sail Mission to a Jupiter Trojan Asteroid and Its Updated Science Mission Proposal (2019)
  • Author(s): T. Okada, T. Iwata, J. Matsumoto, T. Chujo, Y. Kebukawa, M. Ito, J. Aoki, Y. Kawai, S. Yokota, Y. Saito, K. Terada, M. Toyoda, H. Yabuta, H. Yurimoto, S. Matsuura, K. Tsumura, D. Yonetoku, T. Mihara, A. Matsuoka, R. Nomura, H. Yano et al.
  • Organizer: 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] PHASE 2 CURATION “TEAM KOCHI” FOR HAYABUSA2 RETURNED SAMPLE: IN-DEPTH. (2019)
  • Author(s): Ito M., Tomioka N., Uesugi M., Uesugi K., Ohigashi T., Yamaguchi A., Imae N., Karouji Y., Shirai N., Yada T., Abe M.
  • Organizer: 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The OKEANOS: Small Body Exploration to a Jupitar Trojan Asteroid. (2018)
  • Author(s): Ito M
  • Organizer: Hayabusa symposium 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 大学と国研の連携による共用事業の好循環：高知コアセンターの取組みと今後の戦略 (2018)
  • Author(s): 伊藤元雄
  • Organizer: 先端研究基盤共用促進事業シンポジウム2018
  • Invited
• [Presentation] A perspective of Phase 2 Curation “Team Kochi” for Hayabusa2 returned sample: in-depth analysis of a single grain utilizing linkage microanalytical instruments. (2018)
  • Author(s): Ito M., Tomioka N., Uesugi M., Uesugi K., Ohigashi T., Yamaguchi A., Imae N., Karouji Y., Shirai N., Yada T., Abe M.
  • Organizer: Hayabusa symposium 2018
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Mineralogical and H isotope study of jarosites in Yamato 000593 nakhlite (2018)
  • Author(s): Takano A., Kobayashi S., Kodama Y., Usui T., Ito M.
  • Organizer: The Ninth Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Three-dimensional microstructure of a presolar silicate in the Acfer 094 carbonaceous chondrite. (2018)
  • Author(s): Matsumoto M., Matsuno J., Miyake A., Nakato A., Tsuchiyama A., Ito M., Tomioka N., Kodama Y., Vaccaro E.
  • Organizer: The Ninth Symposium on Polar Science
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Outer solar system material in inner Solar System regolith breccias. (2018)
  • Author(s): Zolensky M.E., Fries M., Chan Q.H.-S., Kebukawa Y., A. , R.J. Bodnar, M. Ito, D. Nakashima, T. Nakamura, R.Greenwood, Z. Rahman, L. Le, D.K. Ross, K. Ziegler, W. Bottke, J. Martinez
  • Organizer: 81st Annual Meeting of The Meteoritical Society
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] AN ULTRA POROUS LITHOLOGY IN THE PRIMITIVE CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE ACFER 094: INVESTIGATION FOR PRISTINE PLANETRY MATERIALS. (2018)
  • Author(s): Matsumoto M., Tsuchiyama A., Matsuno J., Nakato A., Miyake A., Ito M., Tomioka N., Kodama Y., Uesugi K., Takeuchi A., Nakano T., Vaccaro E.
  • Organizer: 81th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Gas chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry to reveal the chemical composition of a Trojan asteroid with the OKEANOS space mission. (2018)
  • Author(s): Noel Grand, Arnaud Buch, Cyril Szopa, Jun Aoki, Yosuke Kawai, Yoko Kebukawa, Motoo Ito, Herve Cottin, Michisato Toyoda, Tatsuaki Okada, Osamu Mori
  • Organizer: AGU Fall Meeting 2018 Washington, D.C.
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Would phase separation be a new grain-size reduction process in the lower crustal conditions? (2018)
  • Author(s): Yusuke Soda, Taku Matsuda, Sachio Kobayashi, Motoo Ito, Yumiko Harigane, Takamoto Okudaira
  • Organizer: AGU Fall Meeting 2018 Washington, D.C.
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] OKEANOS - Jupiter Trojan Asteroid Rendezvous and Landing Mission using the Solar Power Sail. (2018)
  • Author(s): Tatsuaki Okada, Takahiro Iwata, Hajime Yano, Yoko Kebukawa, Motoo Ito, Jun Aoki, Yosuke Kawai, Shoichiro Yokota, Ayako Matsuoka, Shuji Matsuura, Daisuke Yonetoku, Jun Matsumoto, Toshihiro Chujo, Osamu Mori et al.
  • Organizer: The 42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly.
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Temporal Evolution of Proto-Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc Volcanism: Constraints from Statistical Analysis of Melt Inclusion Composition. (2018)
  • Author(s): Morihisa Hamada, Hikaru Iwamori, Philipp A. Brandl, Takayuki Ushikubo, Kenji Shimizu, Motoo Ito, He Li, Ivan P. Savov
  • Organizer: 16th International Symposium on Experimental Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry
  • Int'l Joint Research