色覚オプシンの種内多様性と環境適応

2010 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project Area: Molecular interaction and modal shift of cellular sensors
• Project/Area Number: 21026007
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: 河村 正二 東京大学, 大学院・新領域創成科学研究科, 教授 (40282727)
• Keywords: 色覚 / オプシン / 視物質 / 種内変異 / 集団遺伝学

Research Abstract

視覚オプシンの遺伝子重複と重複オプシン遺伝子間の吸収波長の分化及び発現パターンの分化は視覚系進化の重要なステップである。しかし、発現パターンの分化のメカニズムの理解は吸収波長の分化のメカニズムに比べて非常に遅れている。ゼブラフィッシュ(Danio rerio)は2つの赤型錐体オプシン遺伝子LWS-1とLWS-2を持つ。これらはゲノム中で順方向に隣接して並んでおり、共に網膜の複錐体長形細胞(long member of double cones(LDCs))に特異的に発現している。網膜の中央から背側と後方にかけてLWS-2が発現し、網膜の周縁、特に腹側と前方の広い領域でLWS-1が発現するという発現の空間分化が生じている。そこで我々はこれら2つの遺伝子の発現分化に関わるシス制御因子の同定を試みた。LWS-1とLWS-2を含むゼブラフィッシュのゲノム領域約100kbのP1-artificial chromosome(PAC)クローンを公共遺伝子バンクから取得し、これらのPACクローンとGFP等の蛍光レポーター遺伝子を活用してゼブラフィッシュ生体への遺伝子導入レポーターアッセイを行なった。その結果、両方の遺伝子の発現制御に関わる約0.6kbの領域をLWS-1上流に見出し、"LWS-activating region"(LAR)と命名した。LARはLWS-1とLWS-2の双方の発現を増強させるエンハンサーとして機能しており、2つの遺伝子のプロモーターとLARとの相互作用は2つの遺伝子間で競合的であり、その競合のパターンは確率的ではなく発生段階でプログラムされていると考えられた。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Polymorphic color vision in primates : evolutionary considerations (2011)
  • Author(s): Kawamura, S., Hiramatsu, C., Melin, A.D., Schaffner, C.M, Aureli, F., Fedigan, L.M.
  • Journal Title: Post Genome Biology of Primates (Hirai, H., Imai, H.and Go, Y.eds.), Springer, Tokyo, Japan(書籍の1章) Volume: (掲載確定)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evolutionary diversification of visual opsin genes in fish and primates (2011)
  • Author(s): Kawamura, S.
  • Journal Title: From Genes to Animal Behavior : Social Structures, Personalities, Communication by Color (Inoue-Murayama, M., Kawamura, S.and Weiss, A.eds.), Springer, Tokyo, Japan(書籍の1章) Pages: 329-349
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A single enhancer regulating the differential expression of duplicated red-sensitive opsin genes in zebrafish (2010)
  • Author(s): Tsujimura, T., Hosoya, T., Kawamura, S.
  • Journal Title: PLoS Genetics Volume: 6 Pages: e1001245
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] ヒトL/Mオプシン遺伝子の多様性と色覚変異の起源及び中立性の検討 (2010)
  • Author(s): 河村正二
  • Organizer: 戦略的研究プロジェクト研究「現生人類の拡散による遺伝子と文化の多様性創出に関する総合的研究」第1回全体会議
  • Place of Presentation: 総合研究大学院大学、葉山
  • Year and Date: 2010-12-03
• [Presentation] 新世界ザルホエザル属におけるヒト型3色型色覚仮説の検証に向けて (2010)
  • Author(s): 松下裕香、太田博樹、Welker, B、河村正二
  • Organizer: 第64回日本人類学会
  • Place of Presentation: だて歴史の杜カルチャーセンター、北海道伊達市
  • Year and Date: 2010-10-01
• [Presentation] Toward deeper understanding color vision of howler monkeys (2010)
  • Author(s): Matsushita, Y., Oota, H., Welker, B., Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: The 23rd International Primatological Society Congress Kyoto 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto University (Yoshida Main Campus), Kyoto, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-12
• [Presentation] Challenging advantage of trichromacy in fruit foraging behavior of wild spider monkeys (2010)
  • Author(s): Hiramatsu, C., Melin, A.D., Aureli, F., Schaffner, C.M., Vorobyev, M., Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: The 23rd International Primatological Society Congress Kyoto 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto University (Yoshida Main Campus), Kyoto, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-12
• [Presentation] Dietary selectivity by white-faced capuchins : how important are colourful fruits? (2010)
  • Author(s): Melin, A.D., Fedigan, L.M., Parr, N., Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: The 23rd International Primatological Society Congress Kyoto 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto University (Yoshida Main Campus), Kyoto, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-12
• [Presentation] A population genetic test of balancing selection for color vision variation in New World monkeys (2010)
  • Author(s): Kawamura, S., Hiwatashi, T., Okabe, Y., Tsutsui, T., Hiramatsu, C., Melin, A.D., Oota, H., Schaffner, C.M., Aureli, F., Fedigan, L.M., Innan, H.
  • Organizer: The 23rd International Primatological Society Congress Kyoto 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto University (Yoshida Main Campus), Kyoto, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-12
• [Presentation] Identification of a single enhancer regulating differential expression of duplicated red-sensitive opsin genes in zebrafish (2010)
  • Author(s): Tsujimura, T., Ashino, R., Hosoya, T., Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: The 4th International Symposium of the Biodiversity and Evolution, Kyoto University Global COE project "Evolution of Sensor, Communication and Society"
  • Place of Presentation: Shiran Kaikan, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-11
• [Presentation] Molecular genetic reevaluation of the uniform-trichromacy hypothesis for howler monkeys (2010)
  • Author(s): Matsushita, Y., Oota, H., Welker, B., Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: The 4th International Symposium of the Biodiversity and Evolution, Kyoto University Global COE project "Evolution of Sensor, Communication and Society"
  • Place of Presentation: Shiran Kaikan, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-11
• [Presentation] Color vision polymorphism in wild New World monkeys as a model system to understand the adaptive significance of primate color vision (2010)
  • Author(s): Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: The 4th International Symposium of the Biodiversity and Evolution, Kyoto University Global COE project "Evolution of Sensor, Communication and Society"
  • Place of Presentation: Shiran Kaikan, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-11
• [Presentation] グッピーLWSオプシン遺伝子にかかる選択圧の検出 (2010)
  • Author(s): 手塚あゆみ、笠木聡、河村正二、van Oosterhout, C.、松島野枝、河田雅圭
  • Organizer: 第12回日本進化学会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京工業大学 大岡山キャンパス、東京
  • Year and Date: 2010-08-02
• [Presentation] Testing adaptive significance of primate color vision by behavioral and genetic studies of wild populations of New World monkeys (2010)
  • Author(s): Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Biodiversity Sciences (ISBDS) 2010 "Genome, Evolution and Environment"
  • Place of Presentation: Nagoya City University (Hotel Rubra Ohzan), Nagoya, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2010-07-31
• [Presentation] Evolution of cis- and trans-acting factors in the regulation of duplicated opsin genes in zebrafish (2010)
  • Author(s): Tsujimura, T., Masuda, R., Matsumoto, Y., Hosoya, T., Oda, S., Mitani, H., Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: Annual Meeting of the Society of Molecular Biology and Evolution (SMBE) 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Lyon Convention Center, Lyon, France
  • Year and Date: 2010-07-04
• [Presentation] Invertebrate Foraging by Costa Rican Capuchin Monkeys : Testing Predicted Sex Differences in Relation to Color Vision Variation (2010)
  • Author(s): Melin, A.D., Fedigan, L.M., Young, H., Kawamura, S.
  • Organizer: The 33rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Primatologists
  • Place of Presentation: Seelbach Hilton Hotel, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-16
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.jinrui.ib.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/kawamura-home.html