Abstract
The specific orientation of collagen and biological apatite (BAp) is an anisotropic feature of bone micro-organization; it is an important determinant of bone mechanical function and performance under anisotropic stress. However, it is poorly understood how this microstructure orientation is altered when the mechanical environment changes. We hypothesized that the preferential orientation of collagen/BAp would change in response to changes in mechanical conditions, similar to the manner in which bone mass and bone shape change. In the present study, we investigated the effect of unloading (removal of anisotropic stress) on the preferential orientation of collagen/BAp using a rat sciatic neurectomy model. Bone tissue that formed under unloaded conditions showed a more disordered collagen/BAp orientation than bone tissue that formed under physiological conditions. Coincidentally, osteocytes in unloaded bone displayed spherical morphology and random alignment. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate the degradation of preferential collagen/BAp orientation in response to unloading conditions. In summary, we identified alterations in bone material anisotropy as an important aspect of the bone’s response to unloading, which had previously been examined with regard to bone loss only.
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Acknowledgments
This work was partly supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JP25220912) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). The authors thank Chie Fukuda and Shin-ichi Mochizuki of Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. for providing bone specimens.
Author Contributions
TN designed the study; JW, TI, and TN conducted the study; JW and TI analyzed the data; TI and TN interpreted the data; JW and TI drafted the manuscript; and all authors revised the manuscript content and approved the final version of the manuscript. TN takes responsibility for the integrity of the data analysis.
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Jun Wang, Takuya Ishimoto, and Takayoshi Nakano declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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The study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. and the Animal Experiment Committee of the Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering where the studies were conducted.
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Wang, J., Ishimoto, T. & Nakano, T. Unloading-Induced Degradation of the Anisotropic Arrangement of Collagen/Apatite in Rat Femurs. Calcif Tissue Int 100, 87–94 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-016-0200-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-016-0200-0