電子欠損型感応性π電子系の構築と機能

• Project Area: Stimuli-responsive Chemical Species for the Creation of Functional Molecules
• Project/Area Number: 24109007
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: 山口 茂弘 名古屋大学, 物質科学国際研究センター(WPI), 教授 (60260618)
• Project Period (FY): 2012-06-28 – 2017-03-31
• Project Status: Granted(Fiscal Year 2016)
• Budget Amount: ¥32,110,000 (Direct Cost : ¥24,700,000、Indirect Cost : ¥7,410,000); Fiscal Year 2016 : ¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost : ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost : ¥1,470,000); Fiscal Year 2015 : ¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost : ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost : ¥1,470,000); Fiscal Year 2014 : ¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost : ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost : ¥1,470,000); Fiscal Year 2013 : ¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost : ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost : ¥1,470,000); Fiscal Year 2012 : ¥6,630,000 (Direct Cost : ¥5,100,000、Indirect Cost : ¥1,530,000)
• Keywords: ホウ素化合物 / π電子系 / 有機エレクトロニクス / ボレピン / 蛍光 / 電子輸送材料 / ホウ素 / 光反応 / 光物性 / フォトクロミズム / 高配位

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

カルボカチオンと等電子構造である３配位ホウ素を組み込むことにより，電子欠損型π電子系の創出が可能となる．本研究では，新奇な電子欠損型含ホウ素π電子系の創出と安定化に取り組み，この感応性化学種の応用開拓を目指す．本年度は，主に以下の2点について検討した．
【電子欠損型π電子系の安定化の新手法の確立】含ホウ素π電子系材料の設計では，いかに安定化するかが鍵を握る．本研究ではその一つの手法として構造固定による安定化を提案し，種々の平面固定ホウ素π電子系の合成を進めている．今回，ホウ素上のフェニル基を平面固定化したB-フェニルジベンゾボレピンの合成に成功した．この化合物も立体保護なしでも十分に安定であり，また，平面固定トリフェニルボランと同様のいくつかの特徴的なルイス酸性・反応性を示した．さらに電子供与性のトリフェニルアミン骨格を導入したドナー・アクセプター型π電子系が特に優れた蛍光特性を示すことを明らかにした．
【電子欠損型π電子系の電子状態解析】昨年度，吉尾（東大）との共同研究により，平面固定トリフェニルボランをメソゲンに用いたディスク状液晶の両極性電荷輸送能について明らかにした．本年度は，この特性をさらに深く理解するために，炭素類縁体である平面固定フェニルアントラセンの合成に取り組み，その基本骨格の電子供与性に富んだ電子特性について明らかにした．さらにこの骨格をメソゲンに用いた液晶の合成に成功し，それがホール輸送能のみを示すことをTOF測定により示した．この結果は，先のホウ素π電子系液晶の電子輸送能の発現に，ホウ素の電子欠損性が寄与していることを示唆する結果である．

Current Status of Research Progress

2 :  Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

本研究で目指しているのは，含ホウ素π電子系の安定化法の確立と，得られる化合物の電子状態解析，有機デバイスへの応用である．昨年度には，「構造固定による安定化」で得られるボラン骨格の液晶化に成功し，吉尾（東大）との共同研究により，正孔，電子ともに輸送する両極性の電荷輸送特性を示すことが明らかにした．本年度は，この特性をより深く理解するために炭素類縁体の合成に取り組み，合成した平面固定フェニルアントラセンをメソゲンとする化合物が同様の液晶状態を形成するものの，ホウ素体とは大きく異なる電荷輸送特性を示すことを実験的に示し，ホウ素を骨格に組み込むことの効果を明らかにした．また，本研究の当初からの重要な標的化合物の一つである平面固定B-フェニルジベンゾボレピンの合成にも成功し，この骨格が平面固定トリフェニルボランと同様の反応性をもつと同時に，電子供与性トリフェニルボラン骨格との組み合わせにより優れた蛍光材料になることを明らかにした．電子欠損性π電子系の基礎的知見を着実に蓄積し，かつその応用の可能性も見いだしつつあり，順調に研究を遂行できているといえる．

Strategy for Future Research Activity

これまでに知見をもとに次の２点に焦点を当て研究を推進する．
【電子欠損型π電子系の開発と光機能性】すでに３配位トリアリールボランの平面固定化が，立体保護なしでも十分に有効な安定化の手段となりうることを示してきた．そして，平面固定化ジベンゾボレピンの合成に成功し，この骨格に電子供与性のトリフェニルアミン骨格を導入したドナー・アクセプター型π電子系が，極性溶媒中においても量子収率がほぼ１に近いという特に優れた蛍光特性を示すことを明らかにした．そこで本年度は，この物性発現の起源について更に深く理解し，成果を取りまとめたい．また新たに平面固定ジベンゾアザボリンの合成にも取り組み，窒素架橋部位の修飾によるホウ素のルイス酸性の制御に基づいた機能発現の可能性についても検討したい．
【電子欠損型π電子系のフォトクロミック機能の追究】これまでにジメシチルボリルアレーン類に光照射すると，興味深い環化反応が進行しスピロボラインダンを生成することを明らかにしてきた．この反応機構について吉澤（九大）ら，池田（阪府大）らとの共同研究により理論・実験の両面から解明に取り組んできたが，理論的検討の中で新たな知見が得られてきた．この結果をより詳細に理解し，成果を取りまとめる．この反応を基盤に他の光反応性ホウ素化合物の創製にも取り組みたい．

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Boron-doped Nanographene: Lewis Acidity, Redox Properties, and Battery Electrode Performance (2016)
  • Author(s): S. Osumi, S. Saito, C. Dou, K. Matsuo, K. Kume, H. Yoshikawa, K. Awaga, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: Chem. Sci. Volume : 7 Pages : 219-227
  • DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02246k
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A Planarized 9-Phenylanthracene: A Simple Electron-Donating Building Block for Fluorescent Materials (2016)
  • Author(s): H. Iwahara, T. Kushida, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: Chem. Commun. Volume : 52 Pages : 1124-1127
  • DOI: 10.1039/C5CC08259E
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A Planarized Triphenylborane Mesogen: Discotic Liquid Crystals with Ambipolar Charge-Carrier Transport Properties (2015)
  • Author(s): T. Kushida, A. Shuto, M. Yoshio, T. Kato, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Volume : 54 Pages : 6922-6925
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502678
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Atomically-Controlled Substitutional Boron-Doping of Graphene Nanoribbons (2015)
  • Author(s): S. Kawai, S. Saito, S. Osumi, S. Yamaguchi, A. S. Foster, P. Spijker, E. Meyer
  • Journal Title: Nat. Commun. Volume : 6 Pages : 8098
  • DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9098
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Highly Bent Crystals Formed by Restrained π-Stacked Columns Connected via Alkylene Linkers with Variable Conformations (2015)
  • Author(s): C.-M. Chou, S. Nobusue, S. Saito, D. Inoue, D. Hashizume, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: Chem. Sci. Volume : 6 Pages : 2354-2359
  • DOI: 10.1039/C4SC03849E
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Photodissociation of B-N Lewis Adducts: A Partially Fused Trinaphthylborane with Dual Fluorescence (2014)
  • Author(s): K. Matsuo, S. Saito, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: J. Am. Chem. Soc. Volume : 136 Pages : 12580-12583
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja506980p
  • Peer Reviewed / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] A Strap Strategy for Construction of an Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) System with Dual Fluorescence (2014)
  • Author(s): N. Suzuki, A. Fukazawa, K. Nagura, S. Saito, H. Kitoh-Nishioka, D. Yokogawa, S. Irle, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Volume : 53 Pages : 8231-8235
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404867
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The B(C6F5)3 Boron Lewis Acid Route to Arene-Annulated Pentalenes (2014)
  • Author(s): C. Chen, M. Harhausen, A. Fukazawa, S. Yamaguchi, R. Fröhlich, C. G. Daniliuc, J. L. Petersen, G. Kehr, G. Erker
  • Journal Title: Chem. Asian J. Volume : 9 Pages : 1671-1681
  • DOI: 10.1002/asia.201400096]
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Constraint-induced Structural Deformation of Planarized Triphenylboranes in the Excited State (2014)
  • Author(s): T. Kushida, C. Camacho, A. Shuto, S. Irle, M. Muramatsu, T. Katayama, S. Ito, Y. Nagasawa, H. Miyasaka, E. Sakuda, N. Kitamura, Z. Zhou, A. Wakamiya, S. Yamaguchi,
  • Journal Title: Chem. Sci. Volume : 5 Pages : 1296-1304
  • DOI: 10.1039/C3SC52751D
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Fluorescent Modular Boron Systems based on NNN- and ONO-Tridentate Ligands: Self-Assembly and Cell Imaging (2013)
  • Author(s): C. Glotzbach, U. Kauscher, J. Voskuhl, N. S. Kehr, M. Stuart, R. Fröhlich, H. Galla, B. J. Ravoo, K. Nagura, S. Saito, S. Yamaguchi, E.-U. Würthwein
  • Journal Title: J. Org. Chem. Volume : 78 Pages : 4410-4418
  • DOI: 10.1021/jo4003745
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A Pentacoordinate Boron-Containing π-Electron System with Cl–B–Cl Three-Center Four-Electron Bonds (2013)
  • Author(s): C. Dou, S. Saito, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: J. Am. Chem. Soc. Volume : 135 Pages : 9346-9349
  • DOI: 10.1021/ja404724f
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Boracyclophanes: Modulation of the σ/π Character in Boron-Benzene Interactions (2013)
  • Author(s): T. Kushida, S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Volume : 52 Pages : 8054-8058
  • DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303830
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A Radical Anion of Structurally Constrained Triphenylborane (2013)
  • Author(s): T. Kushida and S. Yamaguchi
  • Journal Title: Organometallics Volume : 32 Pages : 6654-6657
  • DOI: 10.1021/om400560u
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] π-Extended Planarized Triphenylboranes with Thiophene Spacers (2013)
  • Author(s): A. Shuto, T. Kushida, T. Fukushima, H. Kaji, S. Yamaguchi,
  • Journal Title: Org. Lett. Volume : 15 Pages : 6234-6237
  • DOI: 10.1021/ol403084x
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Modification and Unexpected Reactivity of 2-Borylbenzaldimines – Acylated and Silylated Derivatives as well as Dimeric Compounds (2013)
  • Author(s): B. Neue, A. Wakamiya, R. Fröhlich, B. Wibbeling, S. Yamaguchi, E.-U. Würthwein
  • Journal Title: J. Org. Chem. Volume : 78 Pages : 11747-11755
  • DOI: 10.1021/jo401748d
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] 典型元素の活用と構造固定に基づいた光・電子機能性π電子系の創出 (2016)
  • Author(s): 山口 茂弘
  • Organizer: 日本化学会第96春季年会2016
  • Place of Presentation: 同志社大学
  • Year and Date: 2016-03-26
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 平面固定9-フェニルアントラセンを基本骨格に用いたディスコチック液晶の創製 (2016)
  • Author(s): 岩原 秀明, 吉尾 正史, 加藤 隆史, 山口 茂弘
  • Organizer: 日本化学会第96春季年会2016
  • Place of Presentation: 同志社大学
  • Year and Date: 2016-03-26
• [Presentation] Main group strategy for fluorescent dyes (2016)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: 251st American Chemical Society National Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Sandiego, USA
  • Year and Date: 2016-03-15
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Two-photon excited NIR emissive dye with ESIPT behavior (2015)
  • Author(s): Naoya Suzuki, Aiko Fukazawa, Masayasu Taki, Kenji Kamda, Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2015)
  • Place of Presentation: Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
  • Year and Date: 2015-12-18
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Chemistry of boron-doped nanographenes (2015)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM 2015)
  • Place of Presentation: Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
  • Year and Date: 2015-12-17
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 平面固定B-フェニルジベンゾボレピンの合成と基礎物性 (2015)
  • Author(s): 安藤直紀，櫛田知克，山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 第42回有機典型元素化学討論会
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-12-03 – 2015-12-05
• [Presentation] ホウ素で安定化した平面固定トリチルラジカルの安定性と光物性 (2015)
  • Author(s): 早乙女広樹，謝 永発，櫛田知克，山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 第26回基礎有機化学討論会
  • Place of Presentation: 愛媛大学・松山大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-24 – 2015-09-26
• [Presentation] 光・電子機能性分子のユニークなデザイン (2015)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 第32回有機合成化学セミナー
  • Place of Presentation: 静岡
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-17 – 2015-09-17
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Main Group Strategy for Photo- and Electronic Functions (2015)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 14th International Symposium on Inorganic Ring Systems (IRIS-14)
  • Place of Presentation: Regensburg, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-27 – 2015-07-31
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Boron-Embedded Polycyclic pi-Conjugated Systems as Solution Processable Organic Semiconductor (2015)
  • Author(s): Kyohei Matsuo, Shohei Saito, Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: 16th International Symposium on Novel Aromatic Compounds (ISNA-16)
  • Place of Presentation: Madrid, Spain
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-05 – 2015-07-10
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ユニークな光：電子機能性分子を求めて (2015)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 東京工業大学集中講義
  • Place of Presentation: 東京工業大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-06-19
  • Invited
• [Presentation] ホウ素を含む電子欠損性π電子系の化学 (2015)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究「感応性化学種の化学」第4回公開シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-22 – 2015-05-23
• [Presentation] Some Fluorescent Molecules Containing Main Group Elements (2015)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 2nd International AIE Symposium
  • Place of Presentation: Guangzhou, China
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-15 – 2015-05-18
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 光・電子機能性分子のユニークなデザイン (2015)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 有機合成化学講演会「合成有機化学のフロンティア」
  • Place of Presentation: 福岡
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-15
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 光る分子をデザインする (2015)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 半田高校SSH「知多で学ぶ サイエンスコミュニケーション」
  • Place of Presentation: 半田
  • Year and Date: 2015-02-07
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Excited State Design of Fluorescent Molecules for Bioimaging (2015)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 1st CSRS-ITbM Joint Workshop (Keynote Lecture)
  • Place of Presentation: Nagoya
  • Year and Date: 2015-01-07
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Excited State Design of Photo-functional Molecules (2014)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: 18th IRTG Joint Symposium between University of Muenster and Nagoya University
  • Place of Presentation: Muenster, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-27 – 2014-11-29
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Main Group Strategy for Photo- and Electro-Functional Molecules (2014)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt
  • Place of Presentation: Frankfurt, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-25
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Main Group Strategy for Photo- and Electro-Functional Molecules (2014)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: 5th International Symposium of the Korean Society of Organic Synthesis
  • Place of Presentation: Busan, Korea
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-20 – 2014-11-21
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Chemistry of Boron-doped Graphene Flakes (2014)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 16th Japan-Korea Joint Symposium on Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry
  • Place of Presentation: Sendai
  • Year and Date: 2014-10-23 – 2014-10-25
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Main Group Strategy for Photo- & Electro-Functional Molecules (2014)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: IGER Workshop on Molecular Electronics for Young Researchers
  • Place of Presentation: Nagoya
  • Year and Date: 2014-10-21
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 発光分子の精密デザイン (2014)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 第4回CSJ化学フェスタ2014
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
  • Year and Date: 2014-10-14 – 2014-10-16
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 光る分子をデザインする！？ (2014)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 国際有機化学財団シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 出雲
  • Year and Date: 2014-10-11
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Excited State Design of Photo-functional Molecules (2014)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: Germany-Japan Bilateral Meeting on Organic Synthesis and Materials
  • Place of Presentation: Berlin
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-08 – 2014-09-10
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Main Group Strategy for Electronic and Photochemical Functions (2014)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 17th International Symposium on Silicon Chemistry
  • Place of Presentation: Berlin
  • Year and Date: 2014-08-03 – 2014-08-08
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 光電子機能性分子のユニークなデザイン (2014)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 第26回万有札幌シンポジウム- 有機合成化学の挑戦
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-05
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Functional p Materials with Rigidity and Flexibility (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: Post ISOR Symposium 2013
  • Place of Presentation: Taipei, Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 20131124-20131124
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Bora-Nazarov Reaction: The Quest for Photochromic Function of Organoboron Materials (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The International Symposium on Organic Reaction (ISOR-11)
  • Place of Presentation: Taipei, Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 20131120-20131122
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Functional pi Materials with Rigidity and Flexibility (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: ACS Excellence in Science Symposium: The Journal of Organic Chemistry and Organic Letters
  • Place of Presentation: Shanghai, China
  • Year and Date: 20131015-20131016
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Functional pi Materials with Rigidity and Flexibility (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 16th Japan-Korea Seminar on Organic Chemistry
  • Place of Presentation: Sendai, Japan
  • Year and Date: 20130927-20130929
  • Invited
• [Presentation] New pi-Conjugated Skeletons with Rigidity and Flexibility (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 15th International Symposium on Novel Aromatic Compounds (ISNA-15)
  • Place of Presentation: Taipei, Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 20130728-20130802
  • Invited
• [Presentation] ユニークなπ電子系をいかに創るか (2013)
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 大阪府立大学工学研究科集中講義講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 大阪府立大学
  • Year and Date: 20130712-20130712
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Functional π-Materials with Rigidity and Flexibility (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: 5th Gratama Workshop 2013
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo, Japan
  • Year and Date: 20130529-20130601
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Chemistry of Planarized Triarylboranes and Related Compounds (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: The 1st International Symposium on Aggregation-Induced Emission
  • Place of Presentation: Wuhan, China
  • Year and Date: 20130517-20130520
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Chemistry of Some Intriguing Organoboron Materials (2013)
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: ACS 245th National Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
  • Year and Date: 20130407-20130411
  • Invited
• [Presentation] ユニークなπ電子系をいかに創るか
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 神奈川大学理学研究科講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 神奈川大学
  • Invited
• [Presentation] ユニークなπ電子系をいかに創るか
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 錯体化学若手の会夏の学校
  • Place of Presentation: 札幌
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Functional pi-materials with rigidity and flexibility
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: Univ. of Erlangen-Nuernberg
  • Place of Presentation: Erlangen, Germany
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Functional p Materials with Rigidity and Flexibility
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: National University of Singapore
  • Place of Presentation: Singapore
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Functional p Materials with Rigidity and Flexibility
  • Author(s): Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Organizer: Nanyang Technological University
  • Place of Presentation: Singapore
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 光機能性π骨格の新デザイン
  • Author(s): 山口茂弘
  • Organizer: 日本化学会第94春季年会
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学
  • Invited
• [Book] Chemical Science of π-Electron Systems: Boron-Containing π-Electron Systems (2015)
  • Author(s): T. Akasaka, A. Osuka, S. Fukuzumi, H. Kandori, Y. Aso, Eds.: Shigehiro Yamaguchi
  • Total Pages: 777
  • Publisher: Springer Japan