| Budget Amount *help |
¥123,890,000 (Direct Cost: ¥95,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥28,590,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥25,220,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,820,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥27,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,270,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥27,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥21,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥27,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,240,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥17,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,960,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
To better understand molecular basis of virus entry, we studied two human paramyxoviruses, mumps virus (MuV) and measles virus (MeV). Our results revealed that the trisaccharide containing an alpha 2,3-linked sialic acid acts as a receptor for MuV. MeV occasionally infects neuronal cells in the brain. We showed that enhanced fusion activity, mainly due to substitutions in the fusion protein, is essential for MeV to infect and spread in neurons which do not express known MeV receptors. Besides the entry step, we identified host proteins SHCBP1 and cofilin required for efficient MeV growth within host cells. We also studied herpesvirus infections. Our data showed that a sialic acid on varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein B is required for cell-cell fusion. We developed an efficient assay system to study entry and membrane fusion mediated by herpesvirus 6 glycoproteins gB, gH, gL, and gQ. We also developed a new method to engineer large viral DNA genomes using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.
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