| Project/Area Number |
02044003
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Joint Research |
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
SHIMAMURA Hideki Professor, Hokkaido University (Faculty of Science), 理学部・海底地震観測施設, 教授 (10011636)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SELLEVOLL Ma ノルウェー国立ベルゲン大学, 地震観測所, 所長
EINARSSON Pa アイスランド国立アイスランド大学, 教授
STEFANSSON R アイスランド気象庁, 地震部長
SUEHIRO Kiyoshi Assistant Professor, Tokyo University (Ocean Research Institute), 海洋研究所, 助教授 (20133928)
KANAZAWA Toshihiko Assistant Professor, Tokyo University (Faculty of Science), 理学部・地殻化学実験施設, 助教授 (30114698)
SHIOBARA Hajime Research Associate, Hokkaido University (Faculty of Science), 理学部・海底地震観測施設, 助手 (60211950)
RAGNAR Stefansson Chief Geophysical Investigator, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Iceland
MARKVARD Sellevoll Professor, Bergen University, Norway
PALL Einarsson Professor, Iceland University, Iceland
MARKVARD Sel ノルウェー国立ベルゲン大学, 地震観測所, 所長
PALL Einarss アイスランド国立アイスランド大学, 教授
RAGNAR Stefa アイスランド気象庁, 地震部長
岩崎 貴哉 東京大学, 地震研究所, 助教授 (70151719)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1990 – 1991
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1991)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥13,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥7,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥6,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000)
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| Keywords | Mid-Atlantic Ridge / Spreading or Atlantic Ocean floor / Ocean Bottom Seismographic Observations / Ocean Bottom Seismograph / Crustal Structure / Microseismicity / Hypocentral distribution / Plate tectonics / 大西洋中央海嶺、 / 地震活動 |
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| Research Abstract |
Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the place where plate is being born. Iceland is situated immediately on the Ridge. There was no detailed study on crustal and upper mantle structure of any ridge. Also there was no detailed seismicity study around ridge. This study has revealed a very detailed seismicity in and around Iceland which made use of sensitive ocean bottom Seismograph (OBS) array.
Also, crustal structure off north of Iceland was obtained in this study.
Twenty OBS were transported from Japan to Iceland twice in 1990 and 1991. The OBS were deployed by an Icelandic Coast Guard Ship, for both years. In 1990, the OBS array was along Reykjanes Ridge, whose length is 150 km, and width is 40 km. The dense array observation was operated for one month continuously.
The result shows that earthquake hypocenters are distributed only along the very crest area of the ridge, and no earthquake was observed outside of the ridge crest. We found some patches of concentrations of earthquakes along the ridge axis, which show a good correspondence to the past submarine volcanic activities. The depth distributions of observed earthquakes were nearly vertical, and the maximum depth was 12 km. Two microearthquake swarms were caught during the observation period, which shows a very concentrated epicenters with vertical chimney-like distribution of hypocenters.
In 1991 similar OBS expeditions were made to the north off Iceland, where tectonics is more complicated than usual mid-oceanic ridges. 21 OBS as well as 15 land-based seismographs were deployed for the observation. Explosions were made for controlled source study of crust and upper mantle. The expedition was quite successful, and obtained data are now being processed.
As a results of this study in 1990 and 1991, microseismicity of mid-oceanic ridge in Icelandic region has been clearly revealed, which is for the first time in any ridge. Also, a detailed crustal structure of the ridge has been obtained.
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