STUDY ON FARM LAND CONSERVATION IN COLD REGIONS

Research Project

Project/Area Number	06454103
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	Irrigation, drainage and rural engineering/Rural planning
Research Institution	OBIHIRO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND VETERINARY MEDICINE
Principal Investigator	TSUCHIYA Fugio OBIHIRO UNI., PROFESSOR, 畜産学部, 教授 (30003130)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	MATSUDA Yutaka HOKKAIDO UNI., AGRICULTURE,PROFESSOR, 農学部, 教授 (50003083) TSUJI Osamu OBIHIRO UNI., ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 畜産学部, 助教授 (60155364)
Project Period (FY)	1994 – 1996
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help	¥7,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,100,000) Fiscal Year 1996: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000) Fiscal Year 1995: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000) Fiscal Year 1994: ¥5,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,100,000)
Keywords	SOIL EROSION / USLE / RAINFALL INDEX / SOIL FREEZING / SNOWMELT WATER
Research Abstract	Tokachi District in Hokkaido is considered as an extensive cold area which having less snow fall during theWinter. The frozen soil starts to thaw in early spring of which remaining soil layr behaves as an impermeable layr. Hence, the Soil Erosion influenced by water in Tokachi district is severe owing to both snow melt water and rainfall. This study was carried out in field investigations of Soil Erosion by employing an artificial Rainfall apparatus, a slant frame examination and to calculate a rainfall index for cultivated fields in Tokachi didtrict. The objectives of this study were ; (1) Estimation of Soil Erosion in cultivated field, (2) Investigation of Erosion mechanism in Frozen soil and (3) Erosion prediction. Finally, the major results obtained from the stydy are as follows. The much Erosion damage was experienced in sloppy land than upland field while the Soil Erosion in cultivated field during snow melting period was realized. The Soil Erosion comparison was done between North and South directions. Increase of freeze thaw with increasing the slope was examined during the experiment conducted to compare the effect of slope direction by using artificial rainfall apparatus. This relationship becomes intensely stronger when the increase of slope is sudden. The conservation coefficient of rainfall Indexes are estimated as 10.2 at the North slope and 7.0 at the South slope with the slant erosion observation frame. Finally, these results concluded that the danger of Soil Erosion expeting snow melt is very high in Tokachi district where the temperature is greatly low and less snow fall exists with much deeper frozen soil in the Winter.