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THE OCCURRENCE AND PREVENTION OF DISASTERS UNDER THE HEAVY SNOWFALL.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 06680418
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Natural disaster science
Research InstitutionHOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

AKITAYA Eizi  Hokkaido Univ.Inst.of Low Temp.Sci., Prof., 低温科学研究所, 教授 (20001654)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SHIRAIWA Takayuki  Hokkaido Univ.Inst.of Low Temp.Sci., Instructor, 低温科学研究所, 助手 (90235739)
NARUSE Renji  Hokkaido Univ.Inst.of Low Temp.Sci., Assoc.Prof., 低温科学研究所, 助教授 (10002099)
Project Period (FY) 1994 – 1995
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
KeywordsDisasters by heavy snowfall / snow and ice on roads / unfreezing chemicals / compacted snow / ice layr / surface avalanche / weak layr / Premonitory symptoms of an avalanche / 雪害 / 豪雪 / 雪崩 / 道路雪害 / 屋根雪 / 気象情報 / 災害情報 / 除排雪 / 雪崩予知 / 弱層形成 / しもざらめ雪 / 道路雪氷 / つるつる路面 / スパイクタイヤ / 転倒事故
Research Abstract

The road conditions in winter changed to slippery by the using of studless tire and antifreezing chemicals. A new classification on snow and ice on road was made by the observations during 1994 and 1995 winters. The slippery road conditions were classified into the following types ; bright-compacted snow, bright-ice layr and bright-ice film and these dangerous conditions were appeared under the high air temperature ; about 0゚C of maximum daily air temperature. Another dangerous road, bumpy ice developed frequently on the heavy traffic volume and thick compacted snow during melt at daytime and re-freeze at night time.
The weak layrs causing a surface layr avalanche were investigated with field observations and 5 types of weak layr were confirmed at Hokkaido and Honshu. Two types of weak layr, depth hoar and surface hoar considered to be a main cause of big surface layr avalanches were investigated on the growing mechanism in the cold room and field in details. Lectures on avalanche mechanism and avalanche safety were carried out to mountain climbers and skiers.
There was a heavy snowfall in 1995-96 winter at Sapporo metropolitan area, especially 9th January 1996, all buses in Sapporo city stopped by the heavy snow storm. All traffic facilities, roads, railways and airports, were confused again and again, in this winter. The damaged traffic facilities and the expense for snow remove were the highest record in history of Sapporo. The new road traffic management system will need for the heavy snowfall and snow storms. The new system must be decided under the agreements with administrator, user and resident taking one's responsibilities.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1995 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1994 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (26 results)

All Other

All Publications (26 results)

  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次: "目視による道路雪氷の分類と活用" 寒地技術シンポジウム'94 寒地技術論文集. 63-69 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次: "札幌市内の雪氷路面調査-平成7年冬期-" 寒地技術シンポジウム'95 寒地技術論文集. 356-361 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次: "札幌の平地積雪断面測定資料-平成6年〜7年冬期-" 低温科学・資料集. 54. 1-9 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次: "北海道内の広域積雪調査-1995年2月-" 低温科学・資料集. 54. 11-18 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ozeki: "Field Observations of Sun Crust Formation in Hokkaido,Japan" Arctic and Alpine Research. 28. 244-248 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次: "1995〜96年札幌圏の豪雪災害-その特徴と背景-" 北海道の雪氷. 15. 8-11 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 福澤卓也: "最新雪崩学入門-雪崩から身を守るために-" 山と渓谷社, 157 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 石井清一: "スキーの医学" 南江堂, 303 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKITAYA Eizi: "Classification of Snow and Ice on Roads" Proceedings of '94 Cold Region Technology Conference. 63-69 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKITAYA Eizi: "A research study of snow and ice on roads in Sapporo, 1994-95 winter" Proceedings of '95 Cold Region Technology Conference. 356-361 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKITAYA Eizi: "Report of pit-wall observations of snow cover in Sapporo 1994-95." Low Temperature Science Data Report. 54. 1-9 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKITAYA Eizi: "Regional observations of snow cover in Hokkaido, February 1995." Low Temperature Science Data Report. 54. 11-18 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] OZEKI Toshihiro: "Field observations of sun crust formation in Hokkaido, Japan" Arctic and Alpine Research. 28. 244-248 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKITAYA Eizi: "1995-96 snow disasters at Sapporo Region." Snow and ice in Hokkaido. 15. 8-11 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] FUKUZAWA Takuya: New avalanche handbook (Saishin nadare gaku nyuumon). Yamato keikoku shya, 157 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] ISHII Seiichi: Medical information for skiers (sukii no igaku). Nankoudo, 303 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次: "札幌市内の雪氷路面調査-平成7年冬期-" 寒地技術シンポジウム‘95論文集. 356-361 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 原 文宏・秋田谷英次・須田 力・山本順子: "女性を対象とした冬期歩行に関する意識調査" 寒地技術シンポジウム‘95論文集. 737-742 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次・成瀬廉二・尾関俊浩・他: "北海道の広域積雪調査-1995〜1996冬期-" 低温科学・資料集. 54(印刷中). (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次・西村浩一・尾関俊浩・他: "札幌の平地積雪断面調査報告-1995〜1996冬期-" 低温科学・資料集. 54(印刷中). (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次 他4名の共著: "最新雪崩学入門-雪崩から身を守るために-" 山と渓谷社, 157 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 石井清一他編 秋田谷英次他分担執筆: "スキーの医学" 南江堂, 303 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次・山田知充: "目視による道路雪氷の分類と活用" 寒地技術論文・報告集. 10. 63-69 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 尾関俊浩・秋田谷英次: "サン・クラストの形成機構-その2-" 低温科学・物理篇. 53. 1-10 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次・福澤卓也・他: "札幌の平地積雪断面測定資料-平成5年〜6年冬期-" 低温科学・物理篇・資料集. 53(印刷中). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 秋田谷英次: "雪害の今昔-これからの雪国の暮らし-" 学術月報. 46(8). 85-90 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1994-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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