| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NOELSON Raso マダガスカル パスツール研究所, 所長代理
NORO Ravaonindrina Institute of Pasteur de Madagascar, Researcher, 研究員
MASAYUKI Satake Faculyu of Agriculture, Assistant Professor, 農学部, 助手 (90261495)
NOELSON Rasplofonirina Institute of Pasteur de Madagascar
RASOLOFONIRI ノエルソン マダガスカル パスツール研究所, 微生物部, 所長代理
RAVAONINDRIN ノロ マダガスカル パスツール研究所, 研究員
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Examination of spidemiological data and inerviews with local scientists confirmed frequent outbreaks of poisoning due to ingestion of shaks or marine turtules, The great extent of the people affected and the high fatality rate were most significant. Since 1993 six sharks affected 980 people and caused 65 deaths. Five turtles caused illness in 414 people and caused 29 death. Additionaly, an incident of clupeotoxism was confirmed. Results of chemical and toxicological studies are sumarized as below.
[Shark Poisoning] From 30 g of the shark liver that was implicated in massive human introxication, two toxins were isolated and named carchatoxin-A and -B, respectively. Compared with ciguatoxin, carchatonix were less polar by HPLC, killed mice in shorter periods, and caused less severe diarrhea. They prevented depolarization of Na channels, as does ciguatoxin. The very tiny amounts of the toxins prevented us from elucidating their structure by NMR spectroscopy. Nevertheless, effort is being continued to obtain further structural information.
[Tortle Poisoning] About 90 g of the left-over meal was made available for experiments, From the low polarity, weak basicity, and inflammatory nature of the turtle toxin, resemblance between the toxin and lyngyatoxin-A was pointed out. Attempts for further confirmation by HPLC and spectral data is under way.
[Clupeotoxism] Clupeotoxin isolated from a head of the sardine, Herklotsichtys quadrimaculatus, impliated in human fatality was identified as palytoxin, based on its chromatographic, results obtained by using an anti-palytoxin antibody. This is the first time to determine the cause of clupeotoxism.
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