| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥1,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000)
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| Research Abstract |
1) Epilachna vigintioctomaculata (hereforth : Evm), so-called "Western Tokyo form" of Evm complex (WTF) and E.vigintioctopunctata (Evp) are pests of solanaceous crops. There, however, are differences in habitats of them. The geografic distribution of them is in order of Evm, WTF and Evp from north to south in cetral Japan.
2) The southernboundary where WTF live is determined by the mean monthly and the mean monthly minimum air-temperature at certaine points during winter season from november to February. The northern boundary is not fine, but it is thought to be determined by land form, microclimate and the monthly maximum air-temperature in the summer season.
Epilachna ladybird beetles were generally observed in slightly and shady wet environs of coppices or the edges of hills.
3) Elytral sports of WTF are very variable in size, number and degree of melanization as those of other Epilachna ladybird beetles. In one of spot variations of WTF,there is a variant with the spot 3 reduced in size. By breeding experiment between the normal spot type and the small spot type, it was suggested that the small spot type would probably be inherited as a reccesive trait. Frequency of the small spot type varied considerably among population from 0 to 20.1% .In addition to this small type, the type of lacking the same spot 3 was rarely in some populations.
Evm reared in 16l-8D condition were difference among oviposition between the population of northen Japan proper nd southern Japan proper.
5) Linking of spot b-c, 3-4 and appeared in Evm, especially 1-2 appeared in norhern Japan proper, and 3-5 appeared in southern Japan proper. Those showed hereditary natue, 1-2 would appear by single dominat gene, related gene to e-g was on X chromosome.
6) WTF as having evolved from E.yasutomii feeding on Caulophyllum robustum (blue cohosh), and thus a pest insect of solanaceous c-ops, showed many variation of linking type on spot between habitata of WTF.
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