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Historicae Study on Developments of Physical Coucepts in 17th Ceutury Hechanics

Research Project

Project/Area Number 09680068
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 科学技術史(含科学社会学・科学技術基礎論)
Research InstitutionKYOTO UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

ITO Kazuyoki  KYOTO UNIVERSITY, Graduate School of Leftens, Associate Professor, 文学研究科, 助教授 (60273421)

Project Period (FY) 1997 – 2000
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
KeywordsScientific Revolation / Galilei / Torricell / Huygens / Descantes / Concordance / Mechanics / Physical Concept / 原子論 / 数学的運動論 / 不可分者 / 力学観 / ニュートン / ルネサンス / 運動法則 / ヒューウェル / マッハ / 力学理論 / カヴァリエリ / モメントゥム / 速さの度合 / 不可分量 / ガリレオ・ガリレイ / 加速運動
Research Abstract

This research focuses on the birth of mechanics, which is the core of the Seventeenth-Century
Scientific Revolution, and examines the developments of physical basic concepts - 'gravitas, ' 'massa, ' 'velocitas, ' 'acceleratio, ' 'vis, ' 'momentum' - in the works of Galilei, Cavarieri, Torricelli, Descartes, and Newton. Galilei, the founder of mathematical theory of motion, had the great problem with the concpt of velocity and its mathematical expression. To treat the instantaneous velocity in considering the accelerated motion, Galilei used the medieval concept 'gradus velocitatis' and tried to express it mathematically by 'indivisibilis.' However its theoretical deficiency made his demonstation of the law of falling body incomplete. The problem which Galilei encountered is how to understand the infinitesimal quantity and how to express it mathematically. Galilei's law of falling motion was the basis as that of accelerated motion by constant force, when Huygens and Newton considered it generally. However Galilei's demonstration of it was abandoned by introducing the infinitesimal quantity. Newton's greatest achievement is the conceptual distinction between weight and mass and the formulation of laws of motion, but it took about half a century for formalizing his second law of motion analytically and making it the basis of mechanical system. Further study is necessory for the developments of the eighteenth-century analytical mechanics.
In this research, the conchordance of about 2000 wrods regarding Galilei's principal works and other scientists' mechanical works has been made, and will be uploaded on the web site. In future, the whole concordance of about 20000 words also will appear on the web site.

Report

(5 results)
  • 2000 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • 1998 Annual Research Report
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (19 results)

All Other

All Publications (19 results)

  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "ガリレオ・デカルト・ホイヘンス"科学哲学. 30. 15-28 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "ジロラモ・フラカストロの伝染理論"日本医史学雑誌. 43. 59-68 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "科学の近代史-『プリンキピア』から「ニューナン力学」へ-"転換期のフィロソフィー3(シネルヴァ書房). 26-42 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "ノストラダムスと医学のルネサンス"ノストラダムスとルネサンス(岩波書店). 235-254 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "ルネサンスにおける実践的学問観"科学の文化的基底(国際高等研究所). 123-137 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "古典力学における運動法則の歴史性"哲学研究. 570. 53-78 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito, Kazuyuki: "Galileo, Descartes, and Huygens"Philosophy of Science (Journal of the Philosophy of Science Society, Japan). 30. 15-28 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito, Kazuyuki: "Girolamo Fracastoro's Contagion Theory"Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi (Journal of the Japan Society of Medical History). 43. 59-68 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito, Kazuyuki: "Modern History of Science - From Principia to 'Newtonian Mechanics'"Tenkankinofirosofi 3, Minerva-shobo, Kyoto. 26-42 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito, Kazuyuki: "Nostradamus and Medical Renaissance"Nostradamus and Renaissance, Iwanami-shoten, Tokyo. 235-254 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito, Kazuyuki: "Practical View of Science in Renaissance"Cultural Basis of Science (1), International Institute for Advanced Studies, Kyoto. 122-137 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito, Kazuyuki: "Hlstorical Perspective on the Laws of Motion in Classical Mechanics"The Tetsugaku Kenkyu (The Journal of Philosophical Studies). 570. 53-78 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "古典力学における運動法則の歴史性"哲学研究. 570. 53-78 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "ガリレオの数学的原子論"ルネサンスにおける自然観の総合的研究. (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 伊藤 和行: "ノストラダムスと医学のルネサンス"ノストラダムスとルネサンス (岩波書店). 235-254 (2000)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 伊藤 和行: "ルネサンスにおける実践的学問観"科学の文化的基底 (国際高等研究所研究報告書). (2000)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "科学の近代史-『プリンキピア』から「ニュートン力学」へ-" 転換期のフィロソフィー3(ミネルヴア書房). 26-42 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "ガリレオ・デカルト・ホイヘンス" 科学哲学. 30. 15-28 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 伊藤和行: "ジロラモ・フラカストロの伝染理論" 日本医史学雑誌. 43. 59-68 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1997-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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