The development of database models of charred rice grains excavated from archaeological sites

Research Project

Project/Area Number	10558007
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	展開研究
Research Field	Cultural property science
Research Institution	Shizuoka University
Principal Investigator	SATO Yo-ichiro Fac. of Agr., Shizuoka University Assoc. Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (20145113)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	SHINOHARA Kazuhiro Fac. of Humanities, Shizuoka University Assoc. Prof., 人文学部, 助教授 (30262067) ASAI Tatuo Fac. of Agr. Shizuoka University Assoc. Res., 農学部, 助手 (20091150) NAKAMURA Ikuo Fac. of Hort. Chiba Univ. Assoc Prof., 大学院・自然科学研究科, 助教授 (50207867) OKAMURA Michio Min. of Edu : Culturul B. Researcher, 主任文化財調査官工楽善通奈良国立文化財研究所, 埋蔵文化財センター長 (00000472)
Project Period (FY)	1998 – 2001
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2001)
Budget Amount *help	¥12,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,500,000) Fiscal Year 2001: ¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000) Fiscal Year 2000: ¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000) Fiscal Year 1999: ¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000) Fiscal Year 1998: ¥5,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,400,000)
Keywords	Charred rice / DNA / Data Base / 佐藤敏也 / ジャポニカ / 古代
Research Abstract	Charred rice grain, that were excavated from archaeological sites were used in this study. The rice grains used here were mainly collected by the late Mr. Toshiya Sato, who has been actively studying on the shape of rice grains excavated during 1960s to 1985. The samples have been preserved in Osaka prefecture Yayoi culture Museum. The samples were first taken their photos under the CCD microscopic camera. The data has been kept as digital records. The size of the data was as big as 1.5 Mb to 2.0 Mb. The records will be taken into a database with the archaeological records as well as the data for their shape and size. Then, DNA analysis was performed to know their genetic feature. DNA was extracted by alkaline SDS method. DNA Extracted was amplified by PCR to know whether the rice was classified into indica or japonica, and if japonica, temperate japonica or tropical japonica. The results showed that almost all samples belonged to japonica. Some belonged to tropical japonica, that adapts to extensive cultivation. Perhaps, ancient rice cultivation in Japan islands showed a similarity to slash-and-burn system, which is performed in upland areas in Indochina peninsula still now.