| Research Abstract |
1. I researched the transition of the history education in Russia. And, I indicated that "education by which the subjecthood of students was valued" had been conducted from the end of the Revolution to the beginning of 30's. The aim of the Russian education changed greatly from "person who constructs the communism society" to "individual who is able to actualize oneself in the competitive society of market economy" after the collapse of the Soviet Union. OECD (Organization for Economic Go-operation and Development) criticized it (1998). It pointed out that the sense of value of the civil society --"cooperation, team work, and mutual support"-- was attenuate. However, to point out such a problem was not new for the Russian education at all. Because, "socially positive individual" was the aim of education until the beginning of 30's before the Soviet national regime was established. The Soviet education denied classroom education, subject education, and teacher's inculcations. And, it va
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lued the subjecthood of students, which centered on "learning by the activity".
2. In the Russian education it becomes difficult to form a common idea on the history. Practically each race was prohibited to conduct race's history education in the Soviet age. "Fissure" on the history education between the Soviet government and each race made the Soviet regime crack. The civil society, the constituent organizations of Russian Federation (republics and oblasts, etc.), the social organization and Russian Orthodox Church appeared as new education subjects besides races now. It becomes difficult to form a common idea on the history through the entire Federation. However, the coincidence of the evaluation" the race policy of a Soviet government was oppressive of having disregarded the racial self-determination" is observed between the history textbook intended for all students in Russia and the race's history textbook. In the future, the common idea on the history will be gradually formed, confirming historical events together. Less
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