Clarification of Sakura cultivar Process by Gene analysis and Detection of Mother tree to Issue New Cultivars

Research Project

Project/Area Number	11660030
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	園芸・造園学
Research Institution	Shimane University
Principal Investigator	HOSOKI Takashi Shimane Univ., Fac. of life and Environ., Professor, 生物資源科学部, 教授 (90101245)
Project Period (FY)	1999 – 2001
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2001)
Budget Amount *help	¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000) Fiscal Year 2001: ¥400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000) Fiscal Year 2000: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000) Fiscal Year 1999: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Keywords	Flowering cherry / DNA analysis / RAPD / Molophology / Gene analysis / Ooshimazakura / Edohigan / Sakura / RAPD / エドヒガン / オオシマザクラ / マメザクラ / 原種 / カスミザクラ / 種分類 / エドヒガンザクラ / 江戸彼岸 / 大島ザラク / 染井吉野 / 泰山府君
Research Abstract	Japanese flowering cherry species/cultivars have been appreciated long time. However, species relationship and cultivar origin remains unclear. Based on morphological study, parentage of 10 % cultivars was searched. Our study on PCR-RAPD analysis revealed that cherry cultivars were roughly divided into two groups. One is Yamazakura group and another is Mamezakura/Edohigan group. 'Someiyoshino', which is a hybrid between Ooshimazakura and Edohigan, belonged to intermediate site between parents by cluster analysis. 'Taizanfukun', which was considered as a hybrid between Yamazakura and Shinamizakura, belonged to Yamazakura group by the analysis. Furthermore, a trait of aerial roots, which is found in Shinamizamura, is not seen in 'Taizanfukun'. This cultivar is probably one of Yamazakura trees. Next, in species analysis, Yamazakura related to all Japanese species, suggesting that Yamazakura may be origin of them. Kanhizakura (Taiwan, South China) and Shinamizakura (China) were found remote from Japanese species.