| Project/Area Number |
12470503
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Biological pharmacy
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokushima |
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Principal Investigator |
ITOH Kohji The University of Tokushima, Facult. Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Professor, 薬学部, 教授 (00184656)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KUWAHARA Jun The University of Tokushima, Facult. Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Associate professor, 薬学部, 助教授 (90225318)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2000 – 2002
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥14,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥4,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥7,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,600,000)
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| Keywords | Lysosomal enzyme deficiencies / Protective protein / cathepsin A / Biotechnology / β-Hexosaminidase / Gene-disrupted mice / Chemokine / Murine embryonic stem (ES) cell / Tissue-directed medicinal resources / リソソーム酸素欠損症 / 遺伝性酵素欠損症 / ガラクトシアリドーシス / セリンカルボキシペプチダーゼ / エンドセリン1 / ジーンターゲッティング / 組織指向性細胞株 / トランスジェニックマウス |
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| Research Abstract |
For therapy of human genetic diseases, the research had been performed to establish the enzyme and gene replacement methods and to discover the medicinal resources for the selective tissue targeting affected with lysosomal enzyme deficiencies. During the term of project, new findings were obtained as follows :
1. Protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that exhibits the protective effects on lysosomal neuraminidase (Neur) and β-galactosidase (β-Gal), and serine carboxypeptidase (cathepsin A ; Cath A) activity on a subset of neuropeptides including endothelin-1 (ET-1). Galactosialidosis (GS) is a human PPCA deficiency with autosomal recessive genetic trait, accompanied by the simultaneous decrease of these enzyme activities and multiple clinical manifestations including neurological abnormalities. Histochemical analysis of the autopsied GS brain against ET-1, one of the putative endogenous substrates of the Cath A, was performed. ET-1-like immunoreactivity
… More
in the neural cells with GS was demonstrated to increase abnormally.
2. Simultaneous expression of ET-1 precursor protein and ET-B receptor cDNAs caused the accumulation of ET-1 in the GS fibroblastic cell line.
3. PPCA gene disruption in a human astrocytoma cell line was performed using the targeting vector containing the drug-resistant gene cassette between the two loxP sequences. The cell line with one disrupted allele of PPCA gene was obtained.
4. Homology modeling of human Neur was performed on the basis of X-ray structure of microbial neuraminidases. Structural effects of amino acid substitutions identified in human Neur deficiency (sialidosis) predicted that the domain in which some substitutions locate might contribute to the interaction with PPCA molecule.
5. Sandhoff disease is a GM2-gangliosidoses caused by the genetic defect of the β-subunit of lysosomal β-hexosaminidase. In the gene-disrupted mice as the disease model were used to elucidate the pathogenesis and were found to express specifically some types of chemokine parallel to the accumulation of GM2-ganglioside in the brain. This phenomenon was considered to be applicable to develop novel cell replacement therapy.
6. Novel apoptosis-inducing compounds were discovered from the synthetic key intermediates of the bioactive halichroline that has the inhibitory action on the induced-expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) on the human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC). Less
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