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Evaluation of Vertical Fluxes of Nitrogen Oxide to the Troposphere from the Wide Land Surfaces

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12680516
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Environmental dynamic analysis
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

YASUDA Nobuhisa  Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (30004419)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SHA Weiming  Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Associate Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (60251716)
YAMAZAKI Takeshi  Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Associate Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (80220317)
IWASAKI Toshiki  Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (80302074)
HOJO Sachiko  Shokei Women's Christian College, Department of Human Relations, Professor, 人間関係科, 教授 (90005033)
MATSUSHIMA Dai  Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Assistant Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 助手 (50250668)
Project Period (FY) 2000 – 2001
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2001)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥1,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000)
Keywordsnitrogen oxide / minor gaseous constituents / turbulent transfer / urban canopy / model of heat budget / model of heat budget in the snowy area / urban atmospheric boundary layer / 局地気象 / 環境科学
Research Abstract

The vertical fluxes of nitrogen oxide (NOX) including nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen mono-oxide (NO) to the troposphere from the wide land surfaces in Miyagi Prefecture and the neighborhood areas have been hourly estimated during 8 years (1991-1998). The fundamental studies were composed of the experimental observations of NOX vertical profiles, the theoretical analyses and the researches of vertical static stabilities in the urban area. The vertical profiles of NOX were measured at the main street of 27 m-width in the urban area of Sendai City. The volumetric summations NOX of NO2 and NO are conserved in the urban canopy layer and the vertical profiles of NOX in the street canyon were clarified to have two layers by the measurements and the theoretical studies of turbulent transfers of NOX. The vertical profiles of NOX density in the upper layer have a logarithmic shape being represented by the nearly first-order equation of Inz where z is the height from the road surface. In the … More lower layer the density of NOX is nearly constant independent of the height. The transitional height of the logarithmic layer and the constant layer is about z=1〜2 m. The theory of vertical transfer of NOX were formulated. The estimation methods of friction NOX-density were introduced and the values of friction NOX-density were calculated from the data of the routine NOX-observatories controlled by the government and the prefectures. The friction velocities and the static stability were calculated from the observational data of official meteorological observatories by use of the new theoretical heat-budget model improved in the present research project in which the differences between urban canopy and the urban canyon and the roles of snowfall and the snow cover are considered. The vertical fluxes of NOX were hourly calculated with the values of the friction NOX-density and the friction velocity.
The averaged fluxes transformed into NO2 mass during 8 years were 625 kg per one year and per the road area of 27 m X 100 m at the roads considered as the source site of NOX and the averaged values were decreased in about one third of those at the roads in the urban area being far away from the roads. Less

Report

(3 results)
  • 2001 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All Other

All Publications (20 results)

  • [Publications] 後藤順也, 安田延壽: "不安定時の乱流強度と、温度及び比湿輸送量の簡易測定法"水文・水質資源学会誌. 13巻. 114-123 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Motoya, K., T.Yamazaki, N.Yasuda: "Evaluating the spatial and temporal distribution of snow accumulation, snowmelts and discharge in a multi basin scale : an application to the Tohoku Region. Japan"Hydrological Processes. Vol.15. 2101-2129 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Wang, Z.W.Sha, H.Ueda: "Numerical modeling of pollutant transport and chemistry during a high-ozone event in northern Taiwan"Tellus. Vol.52B. 1189-1205 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ueda, H.T.Takemoto, Y.P.Kim, W.Sha: "Behaviors of volatile inorganic components in urban aerosols"Atmospheric Environment. Vol.34. 353-361 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 安田延壽, 北條祥子: "1991年から10年間の宮城県に於けるN02一斉調査結果と気象条件"日本環境学会誌. (予定).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Gotoh, J., N. Yasuda: ""Characteristics of Turbulent Intensities and Simplified Models for Estimating Temperature and Specific Humidity Fluxes in the Unstable Stratification""J. Japan Soc. Hydrol & Water Resour. Vol. 13, No. 2. 114-123 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Motoya K., T. Yamazaki, N. Yasuda: ""Evaluating the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Snow Accumulation, Snowmelts and Discharge in a Multi Basin Scale : an Application to the Tohoku Region, Japan""Hydrological Processes. Vol. 15. 2101-2129 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Wang, Z. W. Sha, H. Ueda: ""Numerical Modeling of Pollutant Transport and Chemistry during a High-Ozone Event in a Northern Taiwan""Tellus. Vol. 52B, No. 5. 1189-1205 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ueda, H. T. Takemoto, Y. P. Kim, W. Sha: ""Behaviors of Volatile Inorganic Components in Urban Aerosols""Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 34. 353-361 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yasuda, N., S. Hojo: ""Measurement of NO2 Distributions in Miyagi Prefecture in 1991-2000 and the Meteorological Conditions""Man and Environment (Japan Association on the Environmental Studies). Vol.28 (to be published). (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 後藤順也・安田延壽: "不安定時の乱流強度と、温度及び比湿輸送量の簡易測定法"水文・水資源学会誌. 13巻2号. 114-123 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Motoya, K., T.Yamazaki, N, Yasuda: "Evaluating the spatial and temporal distribution of snow accumulation, snowmelts and discharge in a multi basin scale : an application to the Tohoku Region, Japan"Hydrological Processes. VOL.15. 2101-2129 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Wang, Z. W.Sha, H.Ueda: "Numerical modeling of pollutant transport and chemistry during a high-ozone event in northern Taiwan"Tellus. VOL.52B, NO.5. 1189-1205 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ueda, H. T.Takemoto, Y.P.Kim, W.Sha: "Behaviors of volatile inorganic components in urban aerosols"Atmospheric Environment. VOL.34. 353-361 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田延壽・北條祥子: "1991年から10年間の宮城県に於けるNO2一斉調査結果と気象条件"日本環境学会誌(予定). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 後藤純也,安田延壽: "不安定時の乱流強度の性質と,温度及び比湿輸送量の簡易測定法"水文・水質源学会誌(発表予定). 13巻2号. 114-123 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田延壽,北條祥子: "1991年から10年間の宮城県のNO_2一斉調査結果と気象条件"日本環境学会誌(予定). (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田延壽,小守健一,北條祥子: "都市キャノピー内の窒素酸化物の鉛直分布の特徴"大気環境学会誌(予定). (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田延壽,小守健一: "都市キャノピーからの窒素酸化物鉛直輸送の研究"大気環境学会誌(予定). (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田延壽: "広域陸面からの窒素酸化物の対流圏中・上部への輸送"大気環境学会誌(予定). (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2000-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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