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Relationships between evaporation-precipitation and salinization in a semi-arid area

Research Project

Project/Area Number 13650574
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 水工水理学
Research InstitutionDaido Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

SHIMOJIMA Eiichi  Daido Inst. Of Technol., Fac of Eng., Professor, 工学部, 教授 (80027276)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TAMAGAWA Ichiro  Gifu Univ., River Basin Res. Center, Assoc. Professor, 流域圏科学研究センター, 助教授 (40273198)
HORIUCHI Masato  Daido Inst. Of Technol., Fac of Eng., Professor, 工学部, 教授 (00157059)
Project Period (FY) 2001 – 2002
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥2,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000)
Keywordssemi-arid area / evaporation from ground surface / salinization / sand column / experiment / numerical simulation
Research Abstract

A relation between evaporation and salinization in a semi-arid area was explored through a column evaporation experiment and a numerical simulation.
A sand column 100 cm long and 10 cm in diameter made using a sandy soil in Western Australia was installed on a balance, where via a draining process, a shallow water table (Case A) or a uniformly distributed water content profile in field capacity (Case B) was set. By exposing Its upper surface to ambient air controlled at 25℃and 20 % of RH, the evaporation experiment was started, where, when a solar radiation was simulated, a heat flux at 550 W/m^2 was applied on that surface. The following was recognized. Chemistry of soil-water formed through a rapid dissolution of sand particles was mainly Cl, Na^+, Mg^<2+> and showed a high concentration. Dryness in a zone near the sand surface, in particular, for Case B was more advanced and salinization was also much more developed, where the evaporation zone moved down to 2 cm deep (for Case A, 1 cm). For every case a crust was formed on the sand surface and its thickness for Case B was 5 mm after 40 days. Upward transport resistance for vapor generated by evaporation was estimated one-order of magnitude larger in the crust than that in fairly dried zone overlying that front. Only in the case that heat was applied, a downward movement of vapor appeared.
Based on a vertically one-dimensional numerical model on moisture, vapor heat and a chemical component, the hydro-meteorological data observed over a sand dune in semi-arid area in Western China (HEIFE) were reproduced well after improvement on bulk coefficients of turbulent transport from surface, albedo and emissivity of infrared radiation. A characteristic of solute concentration profile observed there could be reproduced by 10-year calculation.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2002 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (4 results)

All Other

All Publications (4 results)

  • [Publications] 下島栄一, 平尾和久, 堀内将人, 玉川一郎: "半乾燥地での蒸発-塩類集積の関係"水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集. 190-191 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Eiichi Shimojima, Kazuhisa Hirao, Masato Horiuchi and Ichiro Tamagawa: "Relation between Evaporation and Salinization in a Semi-Arid Area"Proc. Annual Conference, Japan Soc. Hydrol. and Water Resour.. 190-191 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 下島栄一, 平尾和久, 堀内将人, 玉川一郎: "半乾燥地での蒸発-塩類集積の関係"水文・水資源学会研究発表会要旨集. 190-191 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 上田剛, 玉川一郎: "乾燥地における熱・水収支の数値計算的研究"日本気象学会2001年春季大会講演予稿集. 234 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2001-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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