Study of Nursing Policy Subject in the 20^<th> Century and its Analysis

Research Project

Project/Area Number	13672472
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	基礎・地域看護学
Research Institution	University of Shizuoka
Principal Investigator	YANO Masako University of Shizuoka, School of Nursing, Professor, 看護学部, 教授 (00251215)
Project Period (FY)	2001 – 2002
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
Budget Amount *help	¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000) Fiscal Year 2002: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000) Fiscal Year 2001: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Keywords	Nursing / Nursing Dispute / Nursing Administration / 看護政策 / 看護婦不足
Research Abstract	Taking a general view of nursing developmental process in Japan for the 55 years after the war in the 20^<th> century, the focal point of the research was put on the hospital nurse's labor disputes unified nation-widely in 1960-1961. Nurse's labor conditions were very strict at that time. For example, when they were working in hospitals and clinics, they were bound by the restraints that they had to stay in dormitories, to work often 24 hours or more successively and to do cleaning, prescribing and many miscellaneous tasks. The author analyzed gathered documents from the standpoints of nurses working figures in the hospitals and the administrative level materials of the government, mainly from the Ministry of Health and Welfare for 20 years after the end of the war. The characteristics of the first 20 years of the postwar nursing policy were summarized and the origin of unsolved nursing labor problems continuing until today were inquired. The characteristics of the first 20 years of the postwar nursing policy were summarized and the origin of unsolved nursing labor problems continuing until today were inquired. 1). The biggest incident was that the Nursing Division in the Ministry of Health and Welfare was combined in other division from 1951 to 1963. 2). By the high standard of nursing education lifted by General Head Quarters(GHQ) the Nursing Division concentrated to exert training of nurse-teachers, reeducation of head nurses in hospitals and enforcement of the function of public health nurses for improving poor sanitary conditions in Japan after the war. 3). The salary scale for nurses was settled lower than any other health workers in 1957, especially after 5-6 year professional career. 4). The problems of labor conditions of nurses unsolved should be reformed.