イネの短日性を決定する遺伝子ネットワークの解明

• Project/Area Number: 14036223
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Review Section: Biological Sciences
• Research Institution: Nara Institute of Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: 島本 功 奈良先端科学技術大学院大学, バイオサイエンス研究科, 教授 (10263427)
• Project Period (FY): 2002 – 2006
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
• Budget Amount: ¥68,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥68,700,000); Fiscal Year 2006: ¥14,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,300,000); Fiscal Year 2005: ¥14,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,300,000); Fiscal Year 2004: ¥13,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,300,000); Fiscal Year 2003: ¥13,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,300,000); Fiscal Year 2002: ¥13,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,500,000)
• Keywords: イネ / 出穂期 / 光周性花成 / 光中断 / 光周性 / コアコレクション / 花成 / 環境 / 光 / 生物時計 / 短日植物 / 遺伝子発現

Research Abstract

植物の開花統御機構は、長日植物シロイヌナズナと短日植物イネをモデル植物とし活発に研究が行われており、分子レベルの理解が進んできた。これまでの研究から、長日植物と短日植物が共通に持つ機購と、それぞれの植物が独自に持つ機構とが存在することが明らかにされてきた。イネの開花統御機構の研究において最初に明らかになったことは、日長により制御される光周性経路において機能する3つの遺伝子はシロイヌナズナとイネで高く保存されていることである。GI-CO-FTという経路はイネとアラビドプシスにおいて共通である。また、イネの短日性は、COによる、FTの制御が長日条件下でシロイヌナズナと逆転していることによるという結果が明らかになった(Hayama e tal.2003)。すなわち、短日条件下ではHd1(COオルソログ)がHd3a(FTオルソログ)の発現を活性化させることによって開花が促進されるのに対して、長日条件下では逆にHd1がHd3aの発現を抑制することによって開花を抑制することが分かった。つづいて、夜間の光パルスにより開花遺伝子Hd3aの発現が強く抑制されること(光中断)も明らかにした(Ishikawa et a1.,2005)。さらにこの光パルスの認識には植物の光センサータンパク質フィトクロムBが必要であることを明らかにした。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Suppression of the floral activator Hd3a is the principal cause of the night break effect in rice. (2005)
  • Author(s): Ishikawa R, Tamaki S, Yokoi S, Inagaki N, Shinomura T, Takano M, Shimamoto K
  • Journal Title: Plant Cell 17 Pages: 3326-3336
• [Journal Article] Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis, is an effector of small GTPase Rac in defense signaling in rice. (2005)
  • Author(s): Kawasaki T, Koita H, Nakatsubo T, Hasegawa K, Wakabayashi K, Takahashi H, Umemura K, Umezawa T, Shimamoto K
  • Journal Title: PNAS 103 Pages: 230-235
• [Journal Article] A sphingolipidelicitor-inducibile mitogen-activated protein kinase is regulated by the small GTPase OsRac1 baterotrimetric G-protein rice. (2005)
  • Author(s): Lieberherr D, Thao NP, Nakashima A, Umemura K, Kawasaki T, Shimamoto K
  • Journal Title: Plant Physiology 138 Pages: 1644-1652
• [Journal Article] RNA silencing and multiple members in a gene family of rice. (2005)
  • Author(s): Miki D, Itoh R, Shimamoto K
  • Journal Title: Plant Physiology 138 Pages: 1903-1913
• [Journal Article] The serine/arginine-rich protein family in rice plays important roles in constitutive and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. (2005)
  • Author(s): Isshiki M, Tsumoto A, Shimamoto K
  • Journal Title: Plant Cell 18 Pages: 146-158
• [Journal Article] RNAi-mediated silencing of OsGEN-L (OsGEN-like), a member of RAD2/XPG nuclease family, causes male sterility by defect of microspore development in rice. (2005)
  • Author(s): Morito S, Miki D, Akiyama M, Kawahara M, Izawa T, Maki H, Shimamoto K
  • Journal Title: Plant Cell Physiology 46 Pages: 699-715
• [Journal Article] 光周性による開花の制御 (2005)
  • Author(s): 横井修司, 島本功
  • Journal Title: 学術月報 25 Pages: 906-910
• [Journal Article] 植物におけるRHAiの分子機構とその応用 (2005)
  • Author(s): 三木大介, 島本功
  • Journal Title: 実験医学 22 Pages: 461-469
• [Journal Article] 2つめのRNAi : siRNAによるDNAとクロマチンの修飾 (2005)
  • Author(s): 岡野陽介, 三木大介, 島本功
  • Journal Title: 化学と生物 43 Pages: 399-405
  • NAID: 10019044947
• [Journal Article] Proteome analysis of programmed cell death and defense signaling using the rice lesiorimimic mutant cdr2. (2005)
  • Author(s): Tsunezuka, H
  • Journal Title: Molecular Plant.Microbe Interact.ion 18 Pages: 52-59
• [Journal Article] Simple RNAi vectors for stable and transient suppression of gene function in rice (2004)
  • Author(s): Miki, D
  • Journal Title: Plant & Cell Physiology 45 Pages: 490-495
• [Journal Article] Silencing of the aleurone-specific Ltp2-gus gene in transgenic rice is reversed by transgene rearrangements and loss of aberrant transcripts. (2004)
  • Author(s): Morino, K
  • Journal Title: Plant & Cell Physiology 45 Pages: 1500-1508
• [Journal Article] Identification of a 49-bp fragment of the HvLTP2 promoter directing aleurone cell specific expression. (2004)
  • Author(s): Opsahl-Sorteberg HG
  • Journal Title: Gene 341 Pages: 49-58
• [Journal Article] Down-regulation of metallothionein, a reactive oxygen scavenger, by the small GTPase OsRac1 in ricer (2004)
  • Author(s): Wong, H.L.
  • Journal Title: Plant Physiology 135 Pages: 1447-1456
• [Book] The photoperiodic control of flowering in rice, a short-day plant. In Light Sensing in Plants (2005)
  • Author(s): Shimamoto K, Yokoi S, Wada M, Shimazaki K, Iino M (eds)
  • Total Pages: 370
  • Publisher: Yamada Foundation and Springer-Verlag Tokyo
• [Publications] Hayama, R, Yokoi, S., Tamaki, S., Yano, M., Shimamoto, K.: "Adaptation of photoperiodic control pathways produces short-day flowering in rice."Nature. 422. 719-722 (2003)
• [Publications] 横井修司, 島本功: "日長による植物の開花制御 長日と短日を決める分子機構に迫る"蛋白質核酸酵素. 49. 28-35 (2004)
• [Publications] Takahashi, A., Kawasaki, T., Wong, H.L., Suharsono, U., Hirano, H., Shimamoto.K.: "Hyperphosphorylation of a mitochondrial protein, prohibitin, is induced by calyculin A in a rice lesion-mimic mutant cdr1."Plant Physiology. 132. 1861-1869 (2003)
• [Publications] Wong, H-L., Sakamoto, T., Kawasaki, T., Umemura, K., Shimamoto, K.: "Downregulation of metallothionein, a reactive oxygen scavenger, by the small GTPase OsRac1 in rice."Plant Physiology. (In press). (2004)
• [Publications] Miki, D., Shimamoto, K.: "Simple RNAi vectors for stable and transient suppression of gene function in rice."Plant Cell Physiology. (In press). (2004)
• [Publications] 三木 大介, 島本 功: "植物におけるRNAiの分子機構とその応用"実験医学. 22. 461-469 (2004)
• [Publications] R.Hayama: "Adaptation of photoperiodic control pathways produces short-day flowering in rice"Nature. (in press). (2003)
• [Publications] T.Izawa: "Phytochrome mediates the external light signal to repress FT orthologs in photoperiodic flowering of rice"Genes Dev.. 16. 2006-2020 (2002)
• [Publications] R.Hayama: "Isolation of rice genes possibly involved in the photoperiodic control of flowering by a fluorescent differential display method"Plant Cell Physiol.. 43. 494-504 (2002)
• [Publications] U.Suharsono: "The heterotrimeric G protein α subunit acts upstream of the small GTPase Rac in disease resistance of rice"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 99. 13307-13312 (2002)
• [Publications] K.Shimamoto: "Rice as a model for comparative genomics of plants"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol.. 53. 399-419 (2002)