水生動物における左右性の動態と分子機構

• Project/Area Number: 14087203
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Review Section: Biological Sciences
• Research Institution: Kyoto University
• Principal Investigator: 堀 道雄 Kyoto University, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (40112552)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 曽田 貞滋 京都大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 准教授 (00192625) ; 渡辺 勝敏 京都大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 准教授 (00324955) ; 山岡 耕作 高知大学, 黒潮圏海洋科学研究科, 教授 (20200587) ; 幸田 正典 大阪市立大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (70192052)
• Project Period (FY): 2002 – 2007
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2007)
• Budget Amount: ¥51,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥51,600,000); Fiscal Year 2007: ¥8,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,000,000); Fiscal Year 2006: ¥8,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,000,000); Fiscal Year 2005: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,800,000); Fiscal Year 2004: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,800,000); Fiscal Year 2003: ¥10,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,000,000); Fiscal Year 2002: ¥10,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,000,000)
• Keywords: 左右性 / タンガニイカ湖 / シクリッド / 分子系統 / 種分化 / 交差捕食 / 遺伝様式 / コウイカ / カニ類 / ザリガニ / イソガニ / カサゴ / フィリッピン海

Research Abstract

全ての魚類が左右性を持つことを実証するために、魚類の全62目から代表1種を選び、各10個体について下顎の左右差および頭骨の角度を測定した。その結果、これら全ての魚種に左右性の二型が存在することを確認した。魚類群集の左右性の動態と種分化・生物多様性に及ぼす影響については、琵琶湖とタンガニイカ湖を調査地として選び、年1回の現地調査を実施した。主に定置網とスキューバ潜水によるサンプリングを行い、各魚種について左右性の比率を算出できるだけの個体数を得た。またスキューバ潜水による行動観察も行った。その結果、タンガニイカ湖では全種について左右性の振動が明らかとなり、その振幅は約0.3、周期は約5年であることが示された。琵琶湖では比率の年変化はまだ数種の魚種でしか追跡できていないが、やはり振動しており、その振幅は約0.3、周期は約6年であることが明らかとなった。この2つの湖における周期の違いは、主に捕食者の成熟までの年数によると考えられた。
また、タンガニイカ湖の捕食魚の胃内容分析から、各利きの捕食者は逆の利きの捕食者を多く捕食しており、この「交差捕食の卓越」が左右性の振動を生む主動因と考えられた。
この予測を確かめるために、数理モデルを使ったシミュレーションを行ったところ、確かに交差捕食がなければ比率の振動は生じないこと、また左右性という種内二型の存在は捕食者-被食者の系を安定させ、両者の共存を導くことが示された。
無脊椎動物の左右性をコウイカ類・ザリガニ・ヌマエビ・カニ類について検討し、いずれにも形態上の左右性が個体群内二型として維持されていることが確認された。うちザリガニとヌマエビについては交配実験から、左右性が遺伝形質であることの証拠を得た。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Behavioural laterality in the shrimp-eating cichlid fish, Neolamprologus fasciatus, in Lake Tanganyika. (2007)
  • Author(s): Takeuchi, Y. & Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Animal Behaviour 75 Pages: 1359-1366
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The first case of aggressive mimicry among lamprologines in a new species of Lepidiolamproloeus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika (2007)
  • Author(s): Schelly, R., Takahashi, T., Bills, R. & Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: ZooTaxa 1638 Pages: 39-49
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evolution of deeding secialization in Tanganyikan scale-eating cichlids: a molecular phylogenetic approach (2007)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, R., Watanabe, K., Nishida, M. & Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: BMC Evolutionary Biology 7 Pages: 195-205
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Inheritance pattern of lateral dimorphism in two cichlids of the scale eater Perrisodus microlepis and the hervivore Neolamprologus moorii in Lake Tanganyika (2007)
  • Author(s): Hori, M., Ochi, H. & Kohda, M.
  • Journal Title: Zoological Science 24 Pages: 489-492
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The robustness of geometric morphometrics in testing the morphological equivalence hypothesis among cichlid species from East African Great Lakes (2007)
  • Author(s): Kassam, D., Yamaoka, K., Rusuwa, B. & Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 91 Pages: 1-9
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Foraging behaviour and functional morphology of two scale-eating cichlids from Lake Tanganyika (2007)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, R., Moriwaki, T. & Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Fish Biology 70 Pages: 1458-1469
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Right-handed snakes: convergent evolution of asymmetry for functional specialization (2007)
  • Author(s): Hoso, M., Asami, T. & Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Biology Letters 3 Pages: 169-172
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Male foraging avoidance in female feeding territories in aharem polygynous cichlid in Lake Tanganyika. (2007)
  • Author(s): Matsumoto, K. Kohda, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Ethology 25 Pages: 21-27
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Foraging behaviour and functional morphology of two scale-eating cichlids from Lake Tanganyika (2007)
  • Author(s): Takahasi, R., Moriwaki, T., Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Fish Biology 70 Pages: 1-12
• [Journal Article] The effect of body size on mating system and parental roles in a biparental cichlid fish (Julicochromis transcriptus) : a preliminary laboratory experiment. (2006)
  • Author(s): Awata, S., Takeuchi, H., Kohda, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Ethology 24 Pages: 125-132
• [Journal Article] Testis size depends on scocial status and the presence of male helpers in the cooperatively breeding cichlid Julidochromis ornatus (2006)
  • Author(s): Awata, S., Heg, D., Munehara, H., Kohda, M.
  • Journal Title: Behavioral Ecology 17 Pages: 372-379
• [Journal Article] Nuclear markers reveal that inter-lake cichlids' similar morphologies do not refrect similar genealogy (2006)
  • Author(s): Kassam, D., Seki, S., Hori, M., Yamaoka, K.
  • Journal Title: Phylogenetics and Evolution (In press)
• [Journal Article] Description of a new Lake Tanganyikan cichlid fish of the genus Cyprichromis (Perciformes : Cichlidae) with note on sexual dimorphism. (2006)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, T., Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Fish Biology (In press)
• [Journal Article] A population genetic model for lateral dimorphism frequency in fishes (2005)
  • Author(s): Nakajima M., Matsuda H., Hori M.
  • Journal Title: Population Ecology 47 Pages: 83-90
  • NAID: 40006818465
• [Journal Article] Coexistence of competing species by the oscillation polymorphism (2005)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, S., Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Theoretical Biology 235 Pages: 591-596
• [Journal Article] A population genetic model for lateral dimorphism frequency in fishes (2005)
  • Author(s): Nakajima M., Matsuda H., Hori M.
  • Journal Title: Population Ecology (発表予定)
  • NAID: 40006818465
• [Journal Article] Persistence and fluctuation of lateral dimorphism in fishes (2004)
  • Author(s): Nakajima M., Matsuda H., Hori M.
  • Journal Title: American Naturalist 163・5 Pages: 692-698
• [Journal Article] Functional significance of variation in trophic morphology within feeding microhabitat-differentiated cichlid species in Lake Malawi (2004)
  • Author(s): Kassam, D., Adams, D.C., Yamaoka K.
  • Journal Title: Animal Biology 54・1 Pages: 77-90
• [Journal Article] Interspecific variation of body shape and sexual dimorphism in three coexisting species of the genus Petrotilapis from Lake Malawi (2004)
  • Author(s): Kassam, D., Mizoiri, S., Yamaoka, K.
  • Journal Title: Ichthyological Journal 51 Pages: 195-201
• [Journal Article] Parental roles and teh amount of care in a bi-parental substrate brooding cichlid : the effect of size diffewrences within pairs (2004)
  • Author(s): Awata S, Kohda M.
  • Journal Title: Behaviour 141 Pages: 1135-1149
• [Journal Article] Territorial defense against various food competitors in the Tanganyikan benthophagous cichlid Neolamprologus tetracanthus (2004)
  • Author(s): Matsumoto K., Kohda M.
  • Journal Title: Ichthyological Research 51 Pages: 354-359
• [Journal Article] Morphologica asymmetry of the abdomen and behavioral laterality inatyid shrimp
  • Author(s): Takeuchi, Y., Tobo, S. & Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Zoological Science (印刷中)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Advantage of harmlessness in gaining preferential access to aheterospecific territory
  • Author(s): Ochi, H., Hata, H., and Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Fish Biology (印刷中)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Advantage of harmlessness in gaining preferential access to a heterospecific territory
  • Author(s): Ochi, H., Hata, H., Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Fish Biology (in press)
• [Journal Article] Inheritance pattern of lateral dimorphism in two cichlids of the scale eater Perissodus microlepis and the hervivore Neolamprologus moorii in Lake Tanganyika
  • Author(s): Hori, M., Ochi, H., Kohda, M.
  • Journal Title: Zoological Science (in press)
• [Journal Article] Right-handed snakes : convergent evolution of asymmetry for functional specialization
  • Author(s): Hoso, M., Asami, T., Hori, M.
  • Journal Title: Biology Letters. FirstCite Online Publishing (in press)
• [Presentation] ヌマエビの逃避行動における左右非対称性と捕食-被食関係への影響 (2008)
  • Author(s): 竹内勇一、堀道雄
  • Organizer: 日本生態学会
  • Place of Presentation: 福岡市
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-15
• [Book] シリーズ21世紀の動物科学「生態と環境」 (2007)
  • Author(s): 堀道雄(共著)
  • Total Pages: 250
  • Publisher: 培風館
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://ecol.zool.kyoto-u.ac.jp/
• [Publications] Kassam, D.: "Morphometric analysis on ecomorphologically equivalent cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika"Zoologica Science. 260. 1-5 (2003)
• [Publications] Nakajlma M.: "Persistence and fluctuation of lateral dimorphism in fishes"American Naturalist. In press.
• [Publications] Matsumoto K.: "Male foraging avoidance in femail feeding territories in a harem polgynous cichlid In Lake Tanganyika"Ecology of Freshwater fishes. In press.
• [Publications] Matsumoto K.: "Territorial defense against various food competitors in a Tanganyikan benthophagous cichlid"Ichthyological Research. In press.
• [Publications] Kassam, D.: "Body shape variation in relation to resource partitioning within chichlid trophic guilds coexisting along the rocky shore of Lake Malawi"Animal Biology. 53(1). 59-70 (2003)
• [Publications] Kassam, D.: "Functional significance of variation in trophic morphology within feeding microhabitat-differentiated cichlid species in Lake Malawi"Animal Bilogy. In press. (2000)
• [Publications] Takahashi D, Kohda M: "Female Preference for nest size in the stream goby Rhinogobius sp. DA"Zool.Soi.. 19. 1241-1244 (2002)
• [Publications] Matsumoto K, Kohda M.: "The effect of feeding habits on dietary shifts during the growth in a benthophagous suction-feeding fish"Zool.soi.. 19. 709-714 (2002)
• [Publications] Kassam, D.D., Sato, T., Yamaoka, K.: "Comparative morphometrics and associated growth trends of two benthophagous cichlid species from Lake Malawi (Pisces, Perciformes)"Zool.Anz.. 241・4. 381-387 (2002)
• [Publications] Kassam, D.D., Sato, T., Yamaoka, K.: "Landmark-based morphometric analysis on the body shape of two sympatric species, Ctenopharynx pictus and Otopharynx sp. "heterodon nankhumba"(Teleostei Cichlidae) from Lake Malawi"Ichthyol.Res.. 49・4. 340-345 (2002)
• [Publications] Kassam, D.D., Adams, D., Hori, M., Yamaoka, K.: "Morphometric analysis on ecomorphologically equivalent cichlid species from Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika"J.Zool.. 260(in print). (2003)
• [Publications] Takahashi, T., Hori, M., Nakaya, K.: "New species of Cyprichromis (Perciformes : Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika, Africa"Copeia. 2002・4. 1029-1036 (2002)