New Neurophysiological functions of taurine
| Project/Area Number |
14360071
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
食品科学・栄養科学
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
HISATSUNE Tatsuhiro The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Associate Professor, 大学院・新領域創成科学研究科, 助教授 (10238298)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥12,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥5,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,800,000)
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| Keywords | Taurine / Amino acid / Development / Mammals / Glycine receptors / GABA receptors / Physiology / 哺乳動物 / GABA_A受容体 / パッチクランプ法 / 脳回路 / 脳保護 / 脳発達 |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is the most abundant free amino acid in the developing mammalian cerebral cortex ; however few studies have reported its neurobiological functions during development. In this study, by means of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, we examined the effects of taurine on chloride channel receptors in neocortical neurons from early to late postnatal stages, which cover a critical period in cortical circuit formation. We show here that taurine activates chloride channels in cortical neurons throughout the postnatal stages examined (from postnatal day 2 to day 36). The physiological effects of taurine changed from excitatory to inhibitory due to variations in the intracellular Cl^- concentration during development. An antagonist blocking analysis also demonstrated a developmental shift in the receptor target of taurine, from glycine receptors to GABA_A receptors. Taken together, these results may reflect genetically programmed, bidirectional functions of taurine. At the early developmental stage, taurine acting on glycine receptors would serve to promote cortical circuit formation. As the target for taurine shifts to the GABA_A receptor, taurine would assume an alternative function as a neuroprotector of developing neural circuitry, which tends to be hyperactive during development.
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(37 results)
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[Book] 脳と体のしくみ絵辞典2004
Author(s)
久恒辰博
Total Pages
80
Publisher
PHP研究所
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
Related Report
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[Book] ベストな脳の育て方2004
Author(s)
久恒辰博
Total Pages
192
Publisher
中経出版
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
Related Report
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